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Hemodialysis MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET
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Artificial Kidney
- An artificial kidney is a haemodialysis machine through which the toxic substances are removed from the blood of a person whose kidneys are completely damaged.
- It is the process of diffusion across a semipermeable membrane to remove unwanted substances from the blood while adding desirable components.
- The pores in the membrane allow some substances to pass through, however, prevent others.
- The patient is connected to the machine by a tube attached to an artery often the radial artery.
- Blood from the artery is pumped into a tube that runs through the dialyzer.
- The dialyzer is filled with dialysing fluid which contains the same quantities of electrolytes and nutrients as normal plasma but contains no waste products.
- The cellophane tube (a tube bounded by a thin membrane) is kept in the dialysing fluid.
- The membrane of the cellophane tube is impermeable to blood cells and proteins but permeable to urea, uric acid, creatinine and mineral ions.
- So these wastes diffuse from the blood to the dialysing fluid across the cellophane membrane.
- Thus the blood is cleared of nitrogenous waste products without losing plasma proteins.
- Now the blood is returned to the patient’s body through a vein usually the radial vein.
- Haemodialysis saves and prolongs the life of many patients.
- At a time about 500 ml of blood is passed through the artificial kidney.
- Dialysis is done usually thrice a week in severe uremia.
- Each time the artificial kidney is used for about 6 hours.
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