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Disorders of the Immune System MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET

Quick Facts

  • Disorders of the Immune System is considered one of the most asked concept.

  • 2 Questions around this concept.

Concepts Covered - 0

Disorders of the Immune System

Allergies:

  • The exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigens present in the environment is called allergy. 
  • The substances to which such an immune response is produced are called allergens. 
  • The antibodies produced to these are of IgE type. 
  • Common examples of allergens are mites in dust, pollens, animal dander, etc.
  • Symptoms of allergic reactions include:
    • sneezing, 
    • watery eyes, 
    • running nose, 
    • difficulty in breathing.
  • Allergy is due to the release of chemicals like histamine and serotonin from the mast cells.  
  • For determining the cause of the allergy, the patient is exposed to or injected with very small doses of possible allergens, and the reactions studied. 
  • The use of drugs like antihistamine, adrenaline and steroids quickly reduce the symptoms of allergy.

Auto Immunity:

  • Memory-based acquired immunity evolved in higher vertebrates based on the ability to differentiate foreign organisms (e.g., pathogens) from self cells. 
  • While we still do not understand the basis of this, two corollaries of this ability have to be understood. 
  • One, higher vertebrates can distinguish foreign molecules as well as foreign organisms.
  • Most of the experimental immunology deals with this aspect. 
  • Two, sometimes, due to genetic and other unknown reasons, the body attacks self-cells.
  • This results in damage to the body and is called auto-immune disease. 
  • Rheumatoid arthritis which affects many people in our society is an auto-immune disease.
     

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