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Nucleus Structure - Practice Questions & MCQ
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 25, 2023 25:23 PM | #NEET
Quick Facts
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17 Questions around this concept.
Solve by difficulty
If the nuclear radius of 27Al is 3.6 fermi, the approximate nuclear radius of 64Cu in fermi is:
The mass number of a nucleus is
If radius of the nucleus is estimated to be 3.6 fermi, then the radius of
nucleus is nearly
Atomic masses of two heavy atoms are and
. Ratio of their respective nuclear densities will be approximately
Highly energetic electrons are bombaarded on a target of an element containing 30 neutrons. The ratio of radii of nucleus to that of helium nucleus is . The atomic number of nucleus will be
The volume occupied by an atom is greater thaw the volume of the nucleus by a factor of about-
The graph of ln versus ln A(R=radius of a nucleus and A=its mass number) is-
The ratio of radii of nuclei and
the number of neutrons in the nuclei of x will be -
order of magnitude of density of uranium nucleus is
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Try NowThe radiation force experience by a disc of radius exposed to radiation of constant intensity
is
. The maximum value of
is.
Concepts Covered - 1
Nucleus Structure
An atom is the basic unit of matter.
The atom consists of a central core called ‘nucleus’ and the electrons revolve around it in nearly circular orbits as shown in the below figure.
The nucleus of an atom consists of neutrons and protons, collectively referred to as nucleons. The neutron carries no electrical charge and has a mass slightly larger than that of a proton.
Constituents of the nucleus (Nucleons)-
The proton is the main part of an atom and carries a positive charge. The number of protons and neutrons is usually the same except in the case of the hydrogen atom which contains a single proton that exists on its own.
The number of protons in a nucleus (called the atomic number or proton number) is represented by the symbol Z.
The number of neutrons (neutron number) is represented by N.
The total number of neutrons and protons in a nucleus is called its mass number and it is represented by N.
And we have A= Z+ N.
Note- Mass of electron, proton & neutron in terms of energy-
Where
It is very useful to calculate energy emitted in the nuclear process.
Different types of nuclei-
- Isotopes- The atoms of an element having the same atomic number but a different mass numbers are
called isotopes. All isotopes have the same chemical properties.
The isotopes of some elements are the following
-
Isobars: The nuclei which have the same mass number (A) but a different atomic number (Z) are called isobars. Isobars occupy different positions in the periodic table so all isobars have different chemical properties.
Some of the examples of isobars are
-
Isotones: The nuclei having an equal number of neutrons are called isotones. For them both the atomic number (Z) and mass number (A) are different, but the value of (N=A–Z) is the same.
Some examples are
Size of the nucleus-
- Nuclear radius - The radius r of the nucleus depends upon the atomic mass A of the element as
where R0=Constant =1.2 fm and A=Mass number of the nucleus
-
Nuclear volume: The volume of the nucleus is given by
i.e
-
Nuclear density: Mass per unit volume of a nucleus is called nuclear density. And it is given as
i.e Density is constant for all the nucleus. It is independent of size and mass numbers.
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