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Cyanide Process - Practice Questions & MCQ

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 25, 2023 25:23 PM | #NEET

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Gold Cyanidation (Mac-arther forrest process)

Cyanide process, also called Macarthur-forrest Process, method of extracting silver and gold from their ores by dissolving them in a dilute solution of sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide. The process was invented in 1887 by the Scottish chemists John S. MacArthur, Robert W. Forrest, and William Forrest. The method includes three steps:

  • Contacting the finely ground ore with the cyanide solution.
  • Separating the solids from the clear solution.
  • Recovering the precious metals from the solution by precipitation with zinc dust.

\mathrm{Ag\: +\: NaCN\: +\: H_{2}\O\: +\: \:\frac{1}{2}O_{2}\: \rightarrow \: 2Na[Ag(CN)_{2}]\: +\: 2NaOH}

\mathrm{2Na[Ag(CN)_{2}]\: +\: Zn\: \rightarrow \: Na_{2}[Zn(CN)_{4}]\: +\: 2Ag\downarrow}
                           more electropositive
                                   metal

\mathrm{2Na[Au(CN)_{2}]\: +\: Zn\: \rightarrow \: Na_{2}[Zn(CN)_{4}]\: +\: 2Au\downarrow}

NOTE: It is a metallurgical process/technique for extracting gold from low-grade ore by converting the gold to a water-soluble coordination complex

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