Human Nervous System MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

Human Neural System

Neural System:

• The neural system of all animals is composed of highly specialised cells called neurons which can detect, receive and transmit different kinds of stimuli
• The neural organisation is very simple in lower invertebrates
• For example, in Hydra, it is composed of a network of neurons
• The neural system is better organised in insects, where a brain is present along with a number of ganglia and neural tissues
• The vertebrates have a more developed neural system

Human Neural System :

• The human neural system is divided into two parts :

                  (i) the central neural system (CNS)
                  (ii) the peripheral neural system (PNS)

• The CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord and is the site of information processing and control
• The PNS comprises of all the nerves of the body associated with the CNS (brain and spinal cord)
• The Nerve fibres of the PNS are of two types :

                   (a) afferent fibres
                   (b) efferent fibres

• The afferent nerve fibres transmit impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS and the efferent fibres transmit regulatory impulses from the CNS to the concerned peripheral tissues/organs
• The PNS is divided into two divisions called somatic neural system and autonomic neural system
• The somatic neural system relays impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles
• The autonomic neural system transmits impulses from the CNS to the involuntary organs and smooth muscles of the body
• The autonomic neural system is further classified into the sympathetic neural system and parasympathetic neural system
• The visceral nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that comprises the whole complex of nerves, fibres, ganglia, and plexuses by which impulses travel from the central nervous system to the viscera and from the viscera to the central nervous system