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Kingdom Fungi MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET
Quick Facts
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Characteristics of Fungi is considered one the most difficult concept.
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22 Questions around this concept.
Solve by difficulty
One of the major components of cell wall of most fungi is :
One of the major components of cell wall of most fungi is
The highest number of species in the world is represented by
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Which one single organism or the pair of organisms is correctly assigned to its or their named taxonomic group
Concepts Covered - 1
Characteristics of Fungi
- Fungi are eukaryotic and multicellular organisms. Only yeast is unicellular
- Fungi can grow in all kinds of habitats, water, soil, air, in the body of plants and animals etc. Some may grow on bread as mould (Rhizopus), some can be a cause of rot in oranges (Alternaria), wheat rust (Puccinia), white rust or spots of mustard (Albugo). Some can be economically important as yeast is used to produce bread, wine etc.
- Fungi lack plastids and photosynthetic pigments.
- These are non -photosynthetic and heterotrophic in nutrition. Fungi can be saprotrophic, parasitic or symbionts.
- The cell wall is composed of chitin and polysaccharides instead of cellulose in plants.
- Food is stored in the form of glycogen and oil.
- The fungal body is made up of slender, tubular thread-like structures called hyphae, which aggregate to form mycelia.
- Reproduction in fungi is of three types i.e. vegetative, asexual and sexual.
- Vegetative reproduction takes place by fragmentation, budding, fission etc.
- Asexual reproduction may occur through the formation of spores.
- Sexual reproduction may occur by gametangial contact, gametangial copulation, spermatogamy and somatogamy.
- Spores found in fungi
- Zoospores are motile (flagellated) spores found in Phycomycetes.
- Sporangiospores are non-flagellated spores that develop inside sporangia e.g. Mucor, Rhizopus etc.
- Conidia are non-motile exogenous spores that develop on specialised hyphae called conidiophores e.g. Penicillium, Aspergillus Etc.
- Ascospores are non-motile sexual spores that are formed endogenously after sexual reproduction inside special sacs called ascus. An ascus generally contains 8 ascospores e.g. ascomycetes.
- Basidiospores are non-motile sexual spores that are formed exogenously on short outgrowths called sterigmata of the club-shaped structure called basidium. E.g. basidiomycetes.
- Binucleate spores are dikaryotic i.e. they have two nuclei which have not fused yet. Aeciospores, teleutospores, uredospores.
- In higher fungi, there is the formation of fruiting bodies i.e. ascocarp in ascomycetes and basidiocarp in basidiomycetes.
- Kingdom fungi is classified into four classes on the basis of nature of mycelium, type of fruiting bodies and type of spores formed.
- These four classes are Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.
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