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Rigid Bodies: Translational Motion And Rotational Motion MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 25, 2023 25:23 PM | #NEET

Quick Facts

  • 15 Questions around this concept.

Solve by difficulty

A solid sphere and cylinder of identical radii and mass approach an incline with the same linear velocity (see figure ). Both roll without slipping all throughout. The two climb maximum heights hsph and hcyl on the incline. The ratio hsphhcyl is given by:

As given in the diagram two plates A and B move with velocities -V  and 3V . If the sphere does not slide relative to the plate . Assuming mass of each body as m Find the kinetic energy of sphere 

 

A hollow sphere rolling on a surface. what is the % of its translational kinetic energy -

A solid sphere is rolling on a surface its speed is \mathrm{(v)} and mass \mathrm{(M)}.The its Kinetic energy is__

A heavy spool with an inner radius of 10 cm ' and an outer radius ' of 20 cm ' is lying on a rough horizontal plane. A thread of negligible mass is wound over it and is being pulled with a constant force at an angle ' α ' from the vertical as shown in the figure. Find the angle ' α ' for which the centre of the spool remains at rest.

As shown in figure a particle of mass m moves in the x - y plane with a velocity v along the direction AB. LA is the angular momentum of a particle at A with respect to origin and LB when it is at B then

 

A spinning solid spherical ball having angular velocity V02r is projected on a horizontal rough surface with velocity v0.. The velocity of centre of mass of the ball when slipping ceases, will be

Two balls of mass m1=1.0 kg and m2=0.5 kg are suspended on two strings of length l1=10 cm and l2=20 cm at the end of a freely hanging rod.

The rod is rotating with an angular velocity of 15rad/s about the vertical axle such that it remains in the vertical position. If the tension in the strings is T1 and T2 respectively, then find the sum of T1 and T2.

A rod with linear mass density given, as - λ=λ0x2l2 where, x is the distance from its left most end and ' l ' is the length of the rod. If the rod is placed on a smooth horizontal plane and a force of constant magnitude F is applied on its rightmost end then the angular acceleration of the rod will be.

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Two hollow cylinders of radii ' 1m ' and ' 2m ' respectively have a common geometrical axis as shown in the figure.

A fly starts with a constant speed ' v ' and hits the outer cylinder at ' X ' from inside. If both the cylinder starts rotating with an angular velocity of ' 1rad/s '. The fly strikes another point ' Y ' where the distance between ' X ' and ' Y ' is 10 cm. Assuming the fly moves radially, find the speed of the fly.

Concepts Covered - 2

Combined rotation and translation motion
  1. Pure Translational motion-

If each particle of it has same velocity/acceleration at a particular instant of time then A body is said to have pure translational motion.

  • Slipping-

It is motion in which  the body slides on a surface without rotation.

Example- Motion of a wheel on a frictionless surface.

Here  friction between the body and surface =f= 0 

Wheel possesses only translatory kinetic energy

i.e., - KT=12mv2

 

  1. Pure rotational motion-

When a body rotates such that its axis of rotation does not move then that body is said to have pure rotational motion.

In pure rotational motion, each particle of the body has the same angular velocity/acceleration about its axis of rotation at a particular instant of time.

Example- Spinning  of the wheel about a fixed axis

Here axis of rotation of a wheel is fixed.

Here, body possesses only rotary kinetic energy.

KR=12Iω2


Here Rotational angular momentum =L=Iw
Where I = Moment of inertia about fixed axis of rotation ω= angular velocity of rotation

 

Another example - the motion of blades of a fan

 

  1. Combined rotation and translation motion

In this type of motion body has both rotation and translation motion.

  • Rolling

 In the case of rolling motion, a body rotates about a fixed axis, and the axis of rotation also moves.

Example- Rolling of football on the ground

Here friction between the body and surface = f0

  1. Kinetic energy-

Total kinetic energy of body is sum of both translational and rotational kinetic energy.

Knet=KT+KR=12mV2+12Iω2


Using V=ωR and I=mK2

Knet=KT+KR=12mV2(1+K2R2)

  1. Net Velocity at a point-

Vnet =Vtranslation +Vrotation 


Where, Vrot=rw

 

Angular momentum in case of Combined rotation and translation motion

           

Angular momentum is always calculated about a particular point.

Net Angular momentum of body is sum of angular momentum due to both translational and rotational motion.

L=Lcom+(mr×vcom)L=Icom ω+(mr×vcom)


Where Lcom  represents the angular momentum of the body about the center of mass and r is the position vector about which we have to calculate the angular momentum.

Study it with Videos

Combined rotation and translation motion
Angular momentum in case of Combined rotation and translation motion

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