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Ecology, Organism & Its Environment MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET
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Ecology, Organism & Its Environment
- Ecology is a subject which studies the interactions among organisms and between the organism and its physical (abiotic) environment.
- Ecology is basically concerned with four levels of biological organisation –
- organisms,
- populations,
- communities and
- biomes.
- In this chapter we explore ecology at organismic and population levels.
- Ecology at the organismic level is essentially physiological ecology which tries to understand how different organisms are adapted to their environments in terms of not only survival but also reproduction.
- The variations in temperature together with annual variation in precipitation account for the formation of major biomes such as desert, rainforest and tundra.
- Regional and local variations within each biome lead to the formation of a wide variety of habitats.
- The key elements that lead to so much variation in the physical and chemical conditions of different habitats are:
- temperature,
- water,
- light and
- Soil
- However, physico-chemical (abiotic) components alone do not characterise the habitat of an organism completely; the habitat includes biotic components also – pathogens, parasites, predators and competitors – of the organism with which they interact constantly.
- Over a period of time, the organism had through natural selection, evolved adaptations to optimise its survival and reproduction in its habitat.
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