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Important Chemistry Formulas For NEET 2024 Exam- Topic-wise Formulas

Ecology, Organism & Its Environment - Practice Questions & MCQ

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET

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  • Ecology, Organism & Its Environment is considered one of the most asked concept.

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Ecology, Organism & Its Environment
  • Ecology is a subject which studies the interactions among organisms and between the organism and its physical (abiotic) environment.
  • Ecology is basically concerned with four levels of biological organisation – 
    • organisms, 
    • populations, 
    • communities and 
    • biomes. 
  • In this chapter we explore ecology at organismic and population levels.
  • Ecology at the organismic level is essentially physiological ecology which tries to understand how different organisms are adapted to their environments in terms of not only survival but also reproduction.
  • The variations in temperature together with annual variation in precipitation account for the formation of major biomes such as desert, rainforest and tundra.
  • Regional and local variations within each biome lead to the formation of a wide variety of habitats.
  • The key elements that lead to so much variation in the physical and chemical conditions of different habitats are:
    • temperature, 
    • water, 
    • light and 
    • Soil
  • However,  physico-chemical (abiotic) components alone do not characterise the habitat of an organism completely; the habitat includes biotic components also – pathogens, parasites, predators and competitors – of the organism with which they interact constantly.
  • Over a period of time, the organism had through natural selection, evolved adaptations to optimise its survival and reproduction in its habitat.
     

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