Budding & Its Types - Practice Questions & MCQ

• In this type of asexual reproduction, the parent organism divides itself into two unequal parts. 
• The daughter organism is formed through a small part called a bud.
• Budding can occur in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
• It begins by developing a small bud (outgrowth) of a side of the parent organism. 
• The bud may develop from any part of the organism, but in most cases, there are special areas on the parent organisms that promote bud development. 
• Then the bud breaks off as a completely new organism. 
• Organisms such as yeast (unicellular organism), hydra (multicellular organism, sponges and some worms (flatworm) reproduce in this way. 
• The two new organisms will have identical DNA.
• Budding are of two types: (a) Exogenous or External budding  (b) Endogenous or Internal budding
• Exogenous budding- Initially, a small outgrowth of the parent's body develops into a miniature individual. It then separates from mother's body to lead a free life. Example- Hydra.
• Endogenous budding-  In fresh water sponges like spongilla and marine sponges like sycon, the parent body releases a specialised mass of cells enclosed in an envelope called Gemmule. Each gemmule gives rise to an offspring gemmule and these are considered as internal buds. Example - Spongilla, Sycon.

Budding in Yeast:

• The bud develops on one side of the cell.
• The nucleus divides mitotically and one of the two daughter nuclei shifts to the bud.
• The young bud is small. It grows in size, gets separated and grows as a new organism.
• Sometimes, there can be many buds attached that can further bear daughter buds.
• This stage is called the torula stage and the process is called torulation.
• Budding are of two types: (a) Exogenous or External budding  (b) Endogenous or Internal budding.