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Adaptive Radiation MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET

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  • Adaptive Radiation is considered one of the most asked concept.

  • 14 Questions around this concept.

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Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as :

Concepts Covered - 1

Adaptive Radiation
  • The process of evolution of different species starting from a point in a geographical area and finally radiating to other areas of geography is called adaptive radiation.
  • It involves the development of different functional structures from a common ancestral form.
  • The presence of homologous organs are evident of adaptive radiation.

Examples of Adaptive Radiation:

1. Darwin’s Finches:

  • Darwin observed an amazing diversity of Finches in the Galapagos Islands.
  • Of all the varieties of finches, which were observed on the same island, he found that all of them had evolved from original seed-eating finches.
  • He explained that after originating from a common ancestral seed-eating stock, the finches must have radiated to different geographical areas and undergone adaptive changes, especially in the type of beaks. 
  • Therefore, due to the alternation in beaks gradually, some became insectivorous and some vegetarian. 
  • Darwin differentiated thirteen species of finches and grouped them into sux main types:
    • Large ground finches
    • Cactus ground finches
    • Vegetarian tree finches
    • Insectivorous tree finches
    • Warbler finches
    • Wood-pecker finches
  • Living in isolation for long, the new kinds of finches emerged that could function and survive in the new habitat.

2. Marsupials of Australia:

  • A number of marsupials (pouched mammals) each evolved differently from an ancestral stock but all within the Australian continent.

3. Placental Mammals in Australia:

  • Placental mammals in Australia also exhibit adaptive radiation in evolving into varieties of such placental mammals each of which appears to be ‘similar’ to a corresponding marsupial. 
  • For example, placental wolf and Tasmanian wolf.
     

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Adaptive Radiation

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Adaptive Radiation

Biology Textbook for Class XII

Page No. : 133

Line : 4

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