Monohybrid Cross of Mendel MCQ - Practice Questions & Answers

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Monohybrid Cross of Mendel

Mendel performed hybridization experiments in which mating is performed between two true-breeding individuals that have different traits.
He started his experiments with monohybrid crosses. Monohybrid crosses study the inheritance of one pair of characters at a time.
In one such experiment, Mendel selected the height of the stem of a pea plant.
Tall height is dominant over dwarf height in pea plants.
Mendel took true breeding tall and dwarf plants. These plants were called parents.
Mendel collected the seeds belonging to the Parent plants that resulted from each cross and grew them the following season. These offspring were called the F1, or the first filial (filial = offspring, daughter or son), generation.
Mendel observed that all the F1 progeny plants were tall, like one of its parents; none were dwarf.
He made similar observations for the other pairs of traits – he found that the F1 always resemble either one of the parents, and that the trait of the other parent was not seen in them.
Mendel then allowed F1 plants to self-fertilize naturally and to his surprise found that in the F2 generation some of the offspring were ‘dwarf’; the character that was not seen in the F1 generation was now expressed.
The proportion of plants that were dwarf were 1/4th of the F2 plants while 3/4th of the F2 plants were tall.
The tall and dwarf traits were identical to their parental type and did not show any blending, that is all the offspring were either tall or dwarf, none were of in-between height.
In F2 stage both the traits were expressed in proportion 3:1.