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Menstrual Cycle - Practice Questions & MCQ
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET
Quick Facts
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Menstrual Cycle is considered one the most difficult concept.
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29 Questions around this concept.
Solve by difficulty
Menstrual flow occurs due to lack of:
Select the incorrect statement :
Which of the following events is not associated with ovulation in human female?
About which day in a normal human menstrual cycle does rapid secretion of LH (Popularly called LH-surge) normally occurs?
Which of the following events is not associated with ovulation in human female?
Concepts Covered - 1
Menstrual Cycle
- Menstruation is bleeding from the uterus of adult females at intervals of one lunar month.
- The cycle is necessary for the production of eggs and the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy.
- Beginning of menstruation or first menstruation is called menarche. It occurs between 12 and 15 years.
- In human females, menstruation is repeated at an average interval of about 28/29 days, and the cycle of events starting from one menstruation till the next one is called the menstrual cycle.
- One ovum is released (ovulation) during the middle of each menstrual cycle.
- The menstrual cycle can be divided into:
- Ovarian cycle, which is made up of:
- Follicular phase
- Ovulation
- Luteal phase
- Uterine cycle, which is made up of:
- Menstruation
- Proliferative phase
- Secretory phase
- Ovarian cycle, which is made up of:
- The cycle starts with the menstrual phase when menstrual flow occurs and it lasts for 3-5 days.
- The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of the endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels which forms a liquid that comes out through the vagina.
- Menstruation only occurs if the released ovum is not fertilised.
- Lack of menstruation may be indicative of pregnancy.
- However, it may also be caused due to some other underlying causes like stress, poor health etc.
- The menstrual phase is followed by the follicular phase.
- During this phase, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of uterus regenerates through proliferation.
- These changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of pituitary and ovarian hormones.
- The secretion of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) increases gradually during the follicular phase and stimulates follicular development as well as secretion of estrogens by the growing follicles.
- Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle of the cycle (about 14th day).
- Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called LH surge induces rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of an ovum (ovulation).
- The ovulation (ovulatory phase) is followed by the luteal phase during which the remaining parts of the Graafian follicle transform as the corpus luteum.
- The corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone which is essential for the maintenance of the endometrium.
- Such an endometrium is necessary for implantation of the fertilised ovum and other events of pregnancy.
- During pregnancy, all events of the menstrual cycle stop and there is no menstruation.
- In the absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates.
- This causes disintegration of the endometrium leading to menstruation, marking a new cycle.
- In human beings, menstrual cycles cease around 50 years of age; that is termed as menopause.
- Cyclic menstruation is an indicator of normal reproductive phase and extends between menarche and menopause.
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