Eukaryotic Cells - Practice Questions & MCQ

Origin and Structure of Eukaryotic Cell

• The eukaryotic cells are believed to have originated through plasma membrane invagination and endosymbiotic theory. 

• According to these hypotheses, eukaryotic cells have formed the nucleus through invagination of the plasma membrane around the nucleoid. 

• The endomembrane system was formed due to the proliferation of the infolded plasma membrane. 

• The semi-autonomous organelles mitochondria and chloroplasts were free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by the eukaryotic cell ancestor.

• Eukaryotic cells are internally compartmentalized. These compartments are called organelles. 

• Organelles are membrane-bound structures with specific sets of functions. 

• In protists, fungi and plants, the cell wall is the outermost covering followed by the plasma membrane. In animal cells, the cell wall is absent. 

• Eukaryotic cells have a lattice of proteins called cytoskeleton. It provides shape and allows the movement of cell organelles