Vector algebra is one of the fundamental topics of algebra. There are two types of physical quantities – scalar quantity and vector quantity. In vector algebra, we study the vector quantities. Vector quantity is a quantity that has both magnitude and direction and follows vector addition rules whereas scalar quantity only has magnitude.
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Vector: A vector is a measurement or quantity that includes both magnitude and direction. Generally, it can be represented physically by an arrow, and mathematically as A⃗ can be read as “A vector”. Arrow (➙) indicates the direction of the vector and its length represents the magnitude of the vector that is given in the following figure. |A⃗| represents the magnitude of the vector A. If we say that two vectors are equal, then both must have the same direction as well as magnitude.

Unit Vector: It is a vector that has a unit magnitude. Generally, it is used to show the direction of the vector. Conventionally three-unit vectors namely
are used in the direction of the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis.
The unit vector can be calculated by dividing the vector by its magnitude and represented as mentioned below.
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Let us consider two vectors
and
represented by two sides of a triangle, the head of
is connected with the tail of
as shown above in the image, then the third side in the opposite direction represents the resultant sum of these two vectors. Mathematically the resultant of two vectors can be calculated by the given formula.
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Where angle ⍺ is the angle between the resultant R vector and
. ? is the angle between
and
. Remember that angle between two vectors can only be calculated when both vectors are connected head to head or tail to tail.

Let's consider two adjacent sides of a parallelogram represent two vectors
and
. As mentioned above in the diagram, the diagonal joining the intersecting point to the other corner of the parallelogram represents the resultant sum of vectors as shown in the image.
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Subtraction of the vector is nothing but the addition of the negative vector to the other vector. Keeping the same magnitude and reversing the direction of a vector gives a negative vector. In a Parallelogram, one diagonal shows the addition of vectors, and the other one shows the subtraction of vectors as shown above in the figure.
Mathematical formula of subtraction of two vectors
and ![]()
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Where ? is the angle between
and
and angle ? is between resultant vector
and ![]()
Multiplication of vectors can be of two types: scalar vector multiplication and vector-vector multiplication. If we multiply a vector
with a scalar quantity “k”, when “k” is positive, the direction remains the same and magnitude becomes “k” times, and when “k” is negative, magnitude becomes “k” time, but the direction gets reversed.
Vector multiplication is two types i.e dot product or scalar product and cross product or vector product which are explained below.
It is also called a scalar product, represented as (.) between two vectors. Dot product physically represents the multiplication of the magnitude of one vector with a component of another vector in the direction of the vector.


Cross product is also known as the vector product is represented by the “X” sign between two vectors. If
and
are two vectors.
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Logarithmic Function is an inverse function of exponential function which is defined as
x = logb a, for b > 0, a > 0, and b ≠ 1, if and only if a = bx. Generally, we come across two types of bases while solving NEET problems. That is 10 and the mathematical constant “e”. When the base is “e” it is called a natural logarithmic function and when the base is 10 then it is called a common logarithmic function.
Natural logarithmic function f(x) = loge x
Common logarithmic function f(x) = log10 x

Logarithmic Table
x | Base = 10 Log10 x | Base = e ≈ 2.71; Loge x |
1 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 0.3010 | 0.693147 |
3 | 0.4771 | 1.098612 |
4 | 0.6020 | 1.386294 |
5 | 0.6989 | 1.609438 |
6 | 0.7781 | 1.791759 |
7 | 0.8450 | 1.94591 |
8 | 0.9030 | 2.079442 |
9 | 0.9542 | 2.197225 |
10 | 1 | 2.302585 |
Graph

Properties

It is a mathematical function that is used to find exponential decay and exponential growth of many real-life events like population models, radioactive decay, wounds healing models, and many more. Mathematically defined by a function f (x) = a.bx, where “x” is a variable that can be any real number, “a” is constant but can not be zero, and “b” is an also constant know as base of exponential function and it should be greater than zero and not equal to 1. And the most commonly used exponential bases are 10 and “e” which is approximately equal to 2.718. This article includes rules, formulas, graphs, etc of the exponential function.
Exponential Growth
Initially, the quantity increases very slowly, and then rapidly. The rate of change increases over time. A mathematical expression that defines exponential growth is y = a ( 1+ r )x where “ r ” is the growth percentage.
Exponential Decay
Initially, quantity decreases very rapidly, and then slowly. The mathematical expression to define exponential decay is y = a ( 1- r )x where “ r ” is the decay percentage.
Exponential Growth And Decay Graph

Exponential And Logarithmic Function

Following are some important rules that are repeatedly used. Here x and y are real numbers whereas “a” and “b” are positive numbers.
If a>0, and b>0, the following hold true for all the real numbers x and y:

Since the NEET exam is highly competitive, smart study can help students to succeed in the exam. Careers360 came up with an analysis to help them. The following list shows the number of questions in which vector algebra, exponential, and logarithmic concepts are used.
Numbers Of Questions Asked In Previous Five Years NEET Exam
Vector Algebra | Exponential | Logarithmic | |
2021 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
2020 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
2019 | 5 | 2 | 1 |
2018 | 4 | 1 | 1 |
2017 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Here is a list of previous year's questions with step-by-step explanations to understand vector algebra, exponential, and logarithmic concepts. NEET aspirants can develop an understanding of the level of questions along with the spread and depth of the concepts.
Q.1 NEET - 2021
In the product
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What will be the complete expression for ![]()
Solution:
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Concepts used:
Cross product formula:
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Q.2. NEET - 2020
Find the torque about the origin when a force of
acts on a particle whose position vector is ![]()
Solution:

Concepts used:
Cross product formula:
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Q.3. NEET - 2021
If force [F], acceleration [A], and time [T] are chosen as the fundamental physical quantities. find the dimensions of energy.
Solution:
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Concepts Used:

Q.4. NEET - 2020
The rate constant for a first-order reaction is
The time required to reduce 2 g of the reactant to 0.2 g is:
Solution:
We have given
Thus, the reaction is of the first order.![]()
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Thus,
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Concepts Used:
Log10 10 = 1
Q.5 NEET - 2020
The slope of the Arrhenius Plot
of a first-order reaction is
. The value of
of the reaction is. Choose the correct option for your answer.
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Solution:
We know the Arrhenius equation
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The slope of
of the above equation -
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Given, m =
and ![]()
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Concepts Used:
Using property ln xp = p ln x, simplify the equation and ln e = 1.
After going through this article it is clear that the NEET exam does not go deeper and asks just formula-based and simple concept-based questions. Therefore, even without mastering complex formulas and concepts of vector algebra students can score well in the exam. With continuous practice, aspirants can get command of the concepts.
On Question asked by student community
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Hello Dear Student,
With 460 marks and an AIR of ~150,450, a government MBBS seat is highly unlikely. However, you have very strong chances of securing a seat in Private MBBS, BDS, BAMS, or Deemed Universities.
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Hello Dear Student,
With a NEET score of 118 in the SC category, securing a government MBBS seat is not possible. The cut-off for government medical colleges typically ranges between 450 and 500+ marks. However, your score makes you eligible for private medical or BDS colleges through state-level counseling.
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Dear Aspirant,
Based on the details you have shared: NEET 2026 score 549 marks l, All India rank AIR 37,754 OBC category and Uttar Pradesh domicile:
Dear Aspirant,
The Assam NEET 2026 cutoff has not been released yet, It will be announced after the you NEET UG counselling process begin and will vary depending on factor such as the number of applicant, seat availability, reservation category, and the difficulty level of the exam.
As a rough
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