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What is Pascal's Law?The French mathematician, scientist, inventor, and theologian Blaise Pascal in 1653 published his work on fluids ‘The physical treatises of Pascal: the equilibrium of liquids’, in which he discussed principles of static fluids. A fluid at rest is a static fluid and such a state of the fluid is said to be static equilibrium. If the fluid under consideration is water then we say it is in hydrostatic equilibrium. In static equilibrium, the net force on any part of the fluid must be zero at all times otherwise the fluid will start to flow. Fluid taken here for the study is incompressible i.e., its density will remain constant.
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Statement: Let us see how the National Council for Educational Research and Training (NCERT) treats Pascal’s law, also known as Pascal's principle. This principle states that when a change in pressure is applied to an enclosed fluid, it is transmitted equally and undiminished to all portions of the fluid and to the walls of its container.
In the above illustration, you can see that pressure is applied on the sponge ball by pressing it with the thumb and according to Pascal’s law we know that the pressure applied is transmitted equally in all directions. Hence, fluid is released with the same pressure through the pores of the sponge ball.
Before discussing the application of Pascal’s law, let us look at the mathematical expression of Pascal’s law. Suppose you apply force F1 on one of the movable pistons (left side) thereby exerting pressure p1 on the cylindrical container of cross-sectional area A1. Because of the change in pressure due to force F1, it transmits equally and undiminished to all portions of fluids.
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This ebook serves as a valuable study guide for NEET exams, specifically designed to assist students in light of recent changes and the removal of certain topics from the NEET exam.
Download EBookFrom Pascal’s law,
Pressure applied on one of the left cylinders is equal to the pressure exerted on the right cylinder
Pascal's Law formula(Image: Shutterstock)
The hydraulic system is based on Pascal's principle of transmission of fluid pressure equally and undiminished in all directions. Let us discuss the application of Pascal’s law
Hydraulic Lift
Hydraulic Lift(Image: Shutterstock)
In a hydraulic lift, fitted with airtight cylinders, there are two cylinders; a narrow cylinder A is connected with a wider cylinder B by an ideal fluid (incompressible). The lowering of the piston fitted to cylinder A because of application of pressure is transmitted equal and undiminished to the piston fitted to cylinder B by virtue of Pascal’s law. As a result the platform cum piston connected with the wider cylinder is lifted up.
Advantages of Hydraulic Lifts:
It is cheaper to install than other elevator types.
It is more portable than other elevating means.
Disadvantages of Hydraulic Lifts:
It has a relatively slow lifting speed.
Fluid (oil in the given case) in the piston system can overheat quickly due to compression, so an efficient cooling mechanism is needed.
Slight jerk may be felt compared to the other lift systems.
The lifting mechanism of a hydraulic lift that we have shown here is utilizing mechanical power (because of the pressing of the piston by a person as shown in the figure) but for practical purposes we use an electrically powered pump in which fluid is pushed into a jack lifting system to lift the platform up.
Electrically powered hydraulic lifting system
Pistons within a cylinder at the base of the lift provide the power to the elevator to move the object placed over it up and down.
Hydraulic Brakes
Application of Pascal's law: Hydraulic brake system
The braking systems of cars, trucks, etc. are based on Pascal's law. The hydraulic brakes allow equal pressure to be transmitted throughout the liquid. It consists of a master cylinder, four-wheel cylinders (slave cylinder), and pipeline carrying braking fluid from the master cylinder to a slave cylinder.
Brakes Applied: When the brake pedal is pressed, the force exerted applies pressure on the piston connected with the master cylinder and the pressure applied is transmitted equally and undiminished with the help of braking fluid via metal pipeline. The increase in pressure applied after pressing the pedal transmits to all the pistons of the other cylinders which leads to outward stretching of spring connected with the shoe which in turn presses drum brake. The force of friction between the brake shoe and the drum brake stops the wheels. The spring is extended because of the pressing of the brake shoe with the drum brake and both the arms of the brake shoe are in sync because of the same pressure transmitted by the liquid as per Pascal’s law.
Brakes Released: As soon as the foot is taken off the brake pedal the spring gets relaxed because of the restoring spring force and the liquid is pushed back due to the returning of the piston towards its initial position.
Advantages of Hydraulic Braking System :
Equal braking action on all wheels (equal pressure transmission because of Pascal’s law).
It is easy to build.
The low wear rate of brake linings(a layer of hard material attached to a brake shoe or brake pad to increase friction against the drum or disc).
Disadvantages of Hydraulic Braking System :
The braking system may fail due to leakage of fluid from brake linings.
The presence of air inside the pipeline affects the whole system
Comparatively, it requires frequent maintenance more than the other braking systems.
There are many devices around us that work on the principle of Pascal’s law. It may appear like a simple law but its greatness lies in its application.
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Have a question related to NEET ?
Hi,
List of some of the best medical colleges in Delhi that offer admission by NEET are the following:
- All Indian Institute of Medical Science, Delhi
- Maulana Azad Medical college, University of Delhi
- University college of Medical Science, University of Delhi
- Hamdard Institute of Medical Science and Research, New Delhi
- Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi
- Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College
For more information you can search for the Top medical colleges in Delhi by NEET.
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Devraj 30 December,2024
Hi,
Yes, it is possible to pursue a veterinary course without appearing the National Eligibility and Entrance Test (NEET) in India. There are several universities and institutes that provide admission to Veterinary course based on entrance merit without conducting any entrance test.
Many colleges offer admission to veterinary courses based on their own entrance exams other than NEET, such as ICAR AIEEA and CG PAT.
Some veterinary courses that can be pursued without NEET include Bachelor of Veterinary Science, Diploma in Animal Husbandry, and Diploma in Veterinary Pharmacy.
To get admission to the veterinary course, candidates must have passed Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (PCB) subjects from a recognized board and should have secured a minimum of 55% marks.
Some of the best veterinary colleges offering veterinary course without NEET includes:
- JAU Junagadh
- OUAT Bhubaneswar
- Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University
You can know more information about Veterinary Science course without NEET.
Hope this information will help you
Devraj 30 December,2024
Hello Surekha,
If your documents have initials (such as in your name) but your OBC certificate does not, it could potentially cause discrepancies during the NEET registration process. NEET registration requires consistency in the name across all documents.
To avoid issues:
-
Ensure consistency
: If the name on your OBC certificate is different from other documents due to the absence of initials, it is best to get the OBC certificate corrected to match the other documents.
- Cross-check all documents : All your documents (including mark sheets, ID proofs, and the OBC certificate) should reflect the same name format (with or without initials) to avoid any discrepancies during the verification process.
It’s always a good idea to clarify this with the official NEET helpline or the concerned authorities before the registration deadline.
I hope this answer helps you. If you have more queries then feel free to share your questions with us we will be happy to assist you.
Thank you and wishing you all the best for your bright future.
kumardurgesh1802 29 December,2024
Admission to the Bachelor of Veterinary Science (B.V.Sc.) program at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST) in Kashmir is highly competitive. While specific NEET 2024 cut-off marks for SKUAST Kashmir have not been officially released, previous trends can provide some insight.
In earlier years, the minimum NEET scores required for admission to the B.V.Sc. program at SKUAST Kashmir were approximately:
General Category: Around 89 marks
OBC Category: Between 80-85 marks
SC/ST Category: Between 71-89 marks
However, these figures are based on past data, and cut-off marks can vary each year due to factors such as the number of applicants, the difficulty level of the NEET exam, and seat availability.
For the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding admission criteria and cut-off marks for the B.V.Sc. program at SKUAST Kashmir, it is advisable to consult the official admission notice or contact the university's admissions office directly.
Additionally, you may find it helpful to watch the following video, which discusses the expected NEET 2024 cut-off for veterinary coll
eges in India:
Shambhavi shambhavi 28 December,2024
Hi Christiana,
Preparing for NEET 2025 requires a comprehensive set of study materials to ensure thorough coverage of the syllabus. The link mentioned offers a range of eBooks and resources tailored for NEET aspirants.
Explore Available Resources:
- eBooks: Browse through a selection of eBooks covering various subjects and topics pertinent to NEET.
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Consider supplementary books for deeper understanding and practice, such as: Concepts of Physics by H.C. Verma, Organic Chemistry by Morrison and Boyd, Biology by Trueman.
With regular practice, consistency, focus and determination can help you in succeeding NEET 2025. Also, Remember, utilizing a variety of resources and maintaining a disciplined study routine are key to succeeding in NEET 2025.
Best wishes for NEET 2025!
gitika yadav 27 December,2024
Popular NEET Questions
the product 'P' will be ,
Option: 1
Option: 2
Option: 3
Option: 4
| Column A | Column B |
| A |
a) Organisation of cellular contents and further cell growth. |
| B |
b) Leads to formation of two daughter cells. |
| C |
c) Cell grows physically and increase volume proteins,organells. |
| D |
d) synthesis and replication of DNA. |
Match the correct option as per the process shown in the diagram.
Option: 1
1-b,2-a,3-d,4-c
Option: 2
1-c,2-b,3-a,4-d
Option: 3
1-a,2-d,3-c,4-b
Option: 4
1-c,2-d,3-a,4-b
0.16 g of dibasic acid required 25 ml of decinormal solution for complete neutralisation. The modecular weight of the acid will be
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32
Option: 2
64
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128
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256
0xone is
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