NEET 2027 Physics Formulas Sheet - Topic-wise Important Formulas PDF

Important Physics Formulas For NEET 2027 PDF Download

To make the NEET physics study easier for aspirants, all the important physics formulas for NEET 2027 are given in one place. It is prepared to help students revise quickly and solve questions with speed and accuracy. The formula sheet covers key topics from mechanics, thermodynamics, electricity, waves, and modern physics.

Important NEET 2027 Physics Formulas for Quick Revision

The following formulas are arranged systematically to help candidates prepare the NEET Physics syllabus for NEET 2027 in an organised manner:

1. Units and Measurements

Percentage error:
$\text{Percentage error}=\frac{\Delta A}{A}\times100$

Addition/subtraction:
$\Delta Z=\Delta A+\Delta B$

for $Z=A\pm B$.

Multiplication/division:
$\frac{\Delta Z}{Z}=\frac{\Delta A}{A}+\frac{\Delta B}{B}$

for $Z=AB$ or $Z=A/B$.

Power of a measured quantity:
$Z=A^n$

$\frac{\Delta Z}{Z}=n\frac{\Delta A}{A}$

Kinematics Formulas

Speed:
$v=\frac{\text{distance}}{\text{time}}$

Average velocity:
$v_{\text{avg}}=\frac{\text{total displacement}}{\text{total time}}$

First equation of motion:
$v=u+at$

Second equation of motion:
$s=ut+\frac{1}{2}at^2$

Third equation of motion:
$v^2=u^2+2as$

Displacement using average velocity:
$s=\frac{u+v}{2}t$

Distance travelled in the $n^\text{th}$ second:
$s_n=u+\frac{a}{2}(2n-1)$

where $u$ is initial velocity, $v$ is final velocity, $a$ is acceleration, $t$ is time and $s$ is displacement.

Projectile Motion

Time of flight:
$T=\frac{2u\sin\theta}{g}$

Maximum height:
$H=\frac{u^2\sin^2\theta}{2g}$

Horizontal range:
$R=\frac{u^2\sin2\theta}{g}$

Time to reach maximum height:
$t_H=\frac{u\sin\theta}{g}$

Maximum range:
$R_{\max}=\frac{u^2}{g}$

at $\theta=45^\circ$.

Laws of Motion

Newton's second law:
$F=ma$

Momentum:
$p=mv$

Impulse:
$J=F\Delta t=\Delta p$

Static friction:
$f_s\leq\mu_sN$

Kinetic friction:
$f_k=\mu_kN$

Centripetal force:
$F_c=\frac{mv^2}{r}=m\omega^2r$

Work, Energy and Power

Work done by a constant force:
$W=Fs\cos\theta$

Kinetic energy:
$K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2$

Potential energy near Earth's surface:
$U=mgh$

Gravitational potential energy:
$U=-\frac{GMm}{r}$

Work-energy theorem:
$W_{\text{net}}=\Delta K$

Power:
$P=\frac{W}{t}$

Instantaneous power:
$P=\vec F\cdot\vec v$

Spring potential energy:
$U=\frac{1}{2}kx^2$

Circular Motion

Angular velocity:
$\omega=\frac{v}{r}$

Linear velocity:
$v=r\omega$

Centripetal acceleration:
$a_c=\frac{v^2}{r}=r\omega^2$

Centripetal force:
$F_c=\frac{mv^2}{r}=mr\omega^2$

Time period:
$T=\frac{2\pi r}{v}=\frac{2\pi}{\omega}$

Frequency:
$f=\frac{1}{T}$

System of Particles and Rotational Motion

Centre of mass:
$\vec R=\frac{\sum m_i\vec r_i}{\sum m_i}$

Torque:
$\tau=rF\sin\theta$

Angular momentum:
$L=I\omega$

Rotational kinetic energy:
$K=\frac{1}{2}I\omega^2$

Rotational equation of motion:
$\tau=I\alpha$

Rolling without slipping:
$v=R\omega$

Moment of inertia of a ring:
$I=MR^2$

Moment of inertia of a solid disc:
$I=\frac{1}{2}MR^2$

Moment of inertia of a solid sphere:
$I=\frac{2}{5}MR^2$

Moment of inertia of a hollow sphere:
$I=\frac{2}{3}MR^2$

Gravitation

Newton's law of gravitation:
$F=\frac{GMm}{r^2}$

Acceleration due to gravity:
$g=\frac{GM}{R^2}$

Gravitational potential:
$V=-\frac{GM}{r}$

Gravitational potential energy:
$U=-\frac{GMm}{r}$

Orbital velocity:
$v_o=\sqrt{\frac{GM}{r}}$

Near Earth's surface:

$v_o=\sqrt{gR}$

Escape velocity:
$v_e=\sqrt{\frac{2GM}{R}}=\sqrt{2gR}$

Relation between escape and orbital velocity:
$v_e=\sqrt{2}v_o$

Properties of Matter and Fluids

Density:
$\rho=\frac{m}{V}$

Pressure:
$P=\frac{F}{A}$

Pressure at depth $h$:
$P=P_0+\rho gh$

Buoyant force:
$F_B=\rho Vg$

Continuity equation:
$A_1v_1=A_2v_2$

Bernoulli's equation:
$P+\frac{1}{2}\rho v^2+\rho gh=\text{constant}$

Surface tension:
$T=\frac{F}{l}$

Excess pressure inside a liquid drop:
$\Delta P=\frac{2T}{R}$

Excess pressure inside a soap bubble:
$\Delta P=\frac{4T}{R}$

Thermodynamics and Heat

Heat gained or lost:
$Q=mc\Delta T$

Heat during phase change:
$Q=mL$

First law of thermodynamics:
$\Delta Q=\Delta U+\Delta W$

Work done by gas at constant pressure:
$W=P\Delta V$

Ideal gas equation:
$PV=nRT$

Efficiency of heat engine:
$\eta=\frac{W}{Q_H}$

Carnot efficiency:
$\eta=1-\frac{T_C}{T_H}$

Temperatures must be taken in Kelvin.

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Ideal gas equation:
$PV=Nk_BT=nRT$

Pressure of an ideal gas:
$P=\frac{1}{3}\rho v_{\text{rms}}^2$

RMS speed:
$v_{\text{rms}}=\sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}$

Average translational kinetic energy per molecule:
$K_{\text{avg}}=\frac{3}{2}k_BT$

Oscillations and SHM

Displacement in SHM:
$x=A\sin(\omega t+\phi)$

Velocity:
$v=\omega\sqrt{A^2-x^2}$

Acceleration:
$a=-\omega^2x$

Maximum velocity:
$v_{\max}=\omega A$

Maximum acceleration:
$a_{\max}=\omega^2A$

Time period of spring-mass system:
$T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}$

Time period of simple pendulum:
$T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{l}{g}}$

Waves

Wave equation:
$v=f\lambda$

Angular frequency:
$\omega=2\pi f$

Wave number:
$k=\frac{2\pi}{\lambda}$

Progressive wave:
$y=A\sin(kx-\omega t+\phi)$

Speed of wave on a stretched string:
$v=\sqrt{\frac{T}{\mu}}$

Electrostatics

Coulomb's law:
$F=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{q_1q_2}{r^2}$

Electric field due to a point charge:
$E=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{q}{r^2}$

Electric potential due to a point charge:
$V=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{q}{r}$

Potential energy of two charges:
$U=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{q_1q_2}{r}$

Electric dipole moment:
$p=q(2a)$

Torque on electric dipole:
$\tau=pE\sin\theta$

Potential energy of electric dipole:
$U=-pE\cos\theta$

Electric field due to an infinite plane sheet:
$E=\frac{\sigma}{2\epsilon_0}$

Electric Potential and Capacitance

Capacitance:
$C=\frac{Q}{V}$

Parallel-plate capacitor:
$C=\frac{\epsilon_0A}{d}$

Capacitance with dielectric:
$C=\frac{K\epsilon_0A}{d}$

Energy stored in capacitor:
$U=\frac{1}{2}CV^2$

$U=\frac{1}{2}QV$

$U=\frac{Q^2}{2C}$

Capacitors in parallel:
$C_{\text{eq}}=C_1+C_2+\cdots$

Capacitors in series:
$\frac{1}{C_{\text{eq}}}=\frac{1}{C_1}+\frac{1}{C_2}+\cdots$

Current Electricity

Electric current:
$I=\frac{Q}{t}$

Ohm's law:
$V=IR$

Resistance:
$R=\rho\frac{l}{A}$

Drift velocity relation:
$I=neAv_d$

Electrical power:
$P=VI=I^2R=\frac{V^2}{R}$

Electrical energy:
$W=Pt$

Resistors in series:
$R_{\text{eq}}=R_1+R_2+\cdots$

Resistors in parallel:
$\frac{1}{R_{\text{eq}}}=\frac{1}{R_1}+\frac{1}{R_2}+\cdots$

Kirchhoff's junction rule:
$\sum I_{\text{in}}=\sum I_{\text{out}}$

Kirchhoff's loop rule:
$\sum V=0$

Moving Charges and Magnetism

Magnetic force on a moving charge:
$F=qvB\sin\theta$

Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor:
$F=BIl\sin\theta$

Radius of circular path of charged particle:
$r=\frac{mv}{qB}$

Cyclotron angular frequency:
$\omega=\frac{qB}{m}$

Cyclotron frequency:
$f=\frac{qB}{2\pi m}$

Magnetic field due to a long straight conductor:
$B=\frac{\mu_0I}{2\pi r}$

Magnetic field at the centre of a circular coil:
$B=\frac{\mu_0NI}{2R}$

Torque on current loop:
$\tau=NIAB\sin\theta$

Magnetic dipole moment:
$M=NIA$

Magnetism and Matter

Magnetic susceptibility:
$\chi_m=\frac{M}{H}$

Relative permeability:
$\mu_r=1+\chi_m$

Magnetic field relation:
$B=\mu_0(H+M)$

Torque on magnetic dipole:
$\tau=MB\sin\theta$

Potential energy of magnetic dipole:
$U=-MB\cos\theta$

Electromagnetic Induction

Magnetic flux:
$\Phi=BA\cos\theta$

Faraday's law:
$\varepsilon=-\frac{d\Phi}{dt}$

For $N$ turns:

$\varepsilon=-N\frac{d\Phi}{dt}$

Motional emf:
$\varepsilon=Blv$

Energy stored in an inductor:
$U=\frac{1}{2}LI^2$

Alternating Current and LCR Circuit

AC voltage:
$V=V_0\sin\omega t$

RMS voltage:
$V_{\text{rms}}=\frac{V_0}{\sqrt{2}}$

RMS current:
$I_{\text{rms}}=\frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}$

Inductive reactance:
$X_L=\omega L$

Capacitive reactance:
$X_C=\frac{1}{\omega C}$

Impedance of series LCR circuit:
$Z=\sqrt{R^2+(X_L-X_C)^2}$

or

$Z=\sqrt{R^2+\left(\omega L-\frac{1}{\omega C}\right)^2}$

Current:
$I=\frac{V}{Z}$

Phase angle:
$\tan\phi=\frac{X_L-X_C}{R}$

Resonance condition:
$X_L=X_C$

Resonant angular frequency:
$\omega_0=\frac{1}{\sqrt{LC}}$

Electromagnetic Waves

Speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum:
$c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_0\epsilon_0}}$

Relation between electric and magnetic fields:
$\frac{E}{B}=c$

Frequency-wavelength relation:
$c=\nu\lambda$

Ray Optics

Refractive index:
$n=\frac{c}{v}$

Snell's law:
$n_1\sin i=n_2\sin r$

Critical angle:
$\sin C=\frac{n_2}{n_1}$

for $n_1>n_2$.

Mirror formula:
$\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{v}+\frac{1}{u}$

Mirror magnification:
$m=-\frac{v}{u}$

Lens formula:
$\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u}$

Lens magnification:
$m=\frac{v}{u}$

Power of lens:
$P=\frac{1}{f}$

where $f$ is measured in metres.

Combination of thin lenses:
$P=P_1+P_2+\cdots$

Wave Optics

Young's Double-Slit Experiment

Path difference:
$\Delta=d\sin\theta$

For small angles:

$\Delta\approx\frac{dy}{D}$

Bright fringe:
$y_n=\frac{n\lambda D}{d}$

Dark fringe:
$y_n=\frac{(2n-1)\lambda D}{2d}$

Fringe width:
$\beta=\frac{\lambda D}{d}$

Photoelectric Effect

Energy of photon:
$E=h\nu=\frac{hc}{\lambda}$

Einstein's photoelectric equation:
$K_{\max}=h\nu-\phi$

Work function:
$\phi=h\nu_0$

Stopping potential:
$eV_0=K_{\max}$

Threshold frequency:
$\nu_0=\frac{\phi}{h}$

Dual Nature of Matter

de Broglie wavelength:
$\lambda=\frac{h}{p}$

For a non-relativistic particle:

$\lambda=\frac{h}{mv}$

For an electron accelerated through potential $V$:

$\lambda=\frac{h}{\sqrt{2meV}}$

For an electron, a commonly used approximate form is:

$\lambda(\text{\AA})=\frac{12.27}{\sqrt{V}}$

where $V$ is in volts.

Atoms

Bohr's angular momentum condition:
$mvr=\frac{nh}{2\pi}$

Radius of $n^\text{th}$ orbit:
$r_n=\frac{n^2a_0}{Z}$

Energy of electron in hydrogen-like atom:
$E_n=-\frac{13.6Z^2}{n^2}\text{ eV}$

Rydberg equation:
$\frac{1}{\lambda}=RZ^2\left(\frac{1}{n_1^2}-\frac{1}{n_2^2}\right)$

where $n_2>n_1$.

Nuclei and Radioactivity

Mass-energy relation:
$E=mc^2$

Mass defect:
$\Delta m=Zm_p+(A-Z)m_n-M$

Binding energy:
$BE=\Delta mc^2$

Radioactive decay law:
$N=N_0e^{-\lambda t}$

Activity:
$A=\lambda N$

Half-life:
$T_{1/2}=\frac{\ln2}{\lambda}$

Mean life:
$\tau=\frac{1}{\lambda}$

Relation between half-life and mean life:
$T_{1/2}=0.693\tau$

Semiconductor Electronics and Logic Gates

Diode current equation:
$I=I_0\left(e^{eV/\eta k_BT}-1\right)$

For NEET, students should focus on the working and characteristics of the p-n junction diode, rectifier, LED, photodiode, solar cell, Zener diode and logic gates.

Logic Gates

NOT gate:
$Y=\overline{A}$

AND gate:
$Y=A\cdot B$

OR gate:
$Y=A+B$

NAND gate:
$Y=\overline{A\cdot B}$

NOR gate:
$Y=\overline{A+B}$

NEET Physics Formulas 2027 - Quick Flashcards

Flashcards are useful because they help you revise super fast and test yourself anytime, anywhere. You can flip through them on the bus, before sleeping, or even while waiting for tea, and that small effort adds up big time in your memory. Use these to keep important NEET physics formulas at your fingertips, no tension, no stress.

• $v=u+at$ - First equation of motion
• $s=ut+\frac{1}{2}at^2$ - Displacement in uniformly accelerated motion
• $v^2=u^2+2as$ - Velocity-displacement relation
• $F=ma$ - Newton's second law
• $W=Fs\cos\theta$ - Work done
• $K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2$ - Kinetic energy
• $P=\frac{W}{t}$ - Power
• $V=IR$ - Ohm's law
• $R=\rho l/A$ - Resistance
• $P=VI$ - Electrical power
• $F=qvB\sin\theta$ - Magnetic force
• $\Phi=BA\cos\theta$ - Magnetic flux
• $\varepsilon=-d\Phi/dt$ - Faraday's law
• $Z=\sqrt{R^2+(X_L-X_C)^2}$ - LCR impedance
• $v=f\lambda$ - Wave equation
• $Q=mc\Delta T$ - Heat equation
• $PV=nRT$ - Ideal gas equation
• $E=h\nu$ - Photon energy
• $K_{\max}=h\nu-\phi$ - Photoelectric equation
• $\lambda=h/p$ - de Broglie wavelength
• $E=mc^2$ - Mass-energy relation

How to Remember Physics Formulas for NEET 2027

Memorising the essential Physics formulas for NEET 2027 will not be enough. Students need to understand the context and process of applying each formula. Revision, active recall, and working out numericals can help students memorise formulas easily and use them during NEET 2027. Also, solving NEET previous year questions using the NEET Formula Sheet 2027 can increase speed and accuracy.

Begin revision of formulas early

Include revision of formulas in your NEET 2027 preparation right from the start.

Revise formulas for 10-15 minutes daily

Devote some time to revise important formulas every day rather than trying to memorise them all in one go.

Understand the concepts

Do not depend on memorisation alone. Understand the concept, meanings of variables, and conditions where a particular formula applies.

Work on NEET PYQs

Refer to your formula sheet while solving NEET previous year question papers.

Work out formula-based numerical problems

Practice questions that are based on key Physics formulas. Speed up your calculations with greater precision while preparing the numerical section for NEET through Top 50 Physics numericals for NEET.

Try active recall

Close the formula sheet and attempt writing formulas using your memory. Then you can check them against your notes and correct yourself.

Organise formulas chapter-wise

Collect formulas topic-wise like Mechanics, Electrostatics, Current Electricity, Optics, and Modern Physics.