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Modern Physics Formula for NEET 2025 Exam

Modern Physics Formula for NEET 2025 Exam

Edited By Irshad Anwar | Updated on Apr 08, 2025 05:01 PM IST

Modern Physics Formula for NEET: Modern physics, which includes quantum mechanics and relativity, is an important part of the NEET syllabus. It is very important for the students appearing in the NEET exam to learn these concepts. In this article, a step-by-step discussion of the most important formulas in modern physics, divided into photoelectric effect, Bohr's model, nuclear physics, and radioactive decay, is presented.

This Story also Contains
  1. Introduction to Modern Physics
  2. Major Concepts in Modern Physics
  3. Major Formulas in Modern Physics for NEET
  4. Additional Modern Physics Formulas
Modern Physics Formula for NEET 2025 Exam
Modern Physics Formula for NEET 2025 Exam

The syllabus of NEET for Physics includes a broad spectrum of topics, such as mechanics, electromagnetism, and thermodynamics, but topics of modern physics, such as the photoelectric effect, Bohr's model, and nuclear physics, are especially highlighted because they are directly related to advanced scientific concepts. Developing these ideas is not only crucial to performing well in the NEET exam but also establishes a good foundation to study medical and allied sciences in the future. NEET aspirants need to understand these concepts of modern physics since they constitute an important portion of the NEET syllabus of physics.

Background wave

Introduction to Modern Physics

Modern physics is a physics that concerns itself with concepts that emerged after the Newtonian period. It is mostly concerned with two great achievements of the 20th century, namely relativity and quantum mechanics. These are the building blocks for the understanding of phenomena like the photoelectric effect, Bohr's atom model, nuclear physics, and radioactivity.

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Major Concepts in Modern Physics

Some major concepts of Modern Physics are as follows:

Quantum Mechanics

Quantum mechanics is a physics field that addresses matter and energy's behavior at a subatomic and atomic level. It brings such concepts as the uncertainty principle and wave-particle duality.

Relativity

Relativity, formulated by Albert Einstein, consists of special and general relativity. It describes how space and time are combined as spacetime and how gravity warps this fabric.

Major Formulas in Modern Physics for NEET

The next table gives the concise formulas in contemporary physics that pertain to the NEET exam:

Concept

Formula

Description

Photoelectric Effect

hv=Φ+KEmax

Einstein's equation for the photoelectric effect, where

h is Planck's constant,

v is the frequency of light,

Φ is the work function, and

KEmax is the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons.


p=hλ

Momentum of a photon, where

λ is the wavelength of light.

De Broglie Wavelength

λ=hmv

The wavelength of a particle, where

m is the mass and v is the velocity of the particle.

Bohr’s Model

rn=(n2Z)a0

The radius of the nth orbit in a hydrogen-like atom, where a0 is the Bohr radius and

Z is the atomic number.


En=E1(Z2n2)

Energy of the nth orbit, where

E1=−13.6 eV

Nuclear Physics

B=(ZMp+NMn−M)C2

The binding energy of a nucleus, where

Mp and Mn are the masses of a proton and neutron, respectively, and M is the mass of the nucleus.

Radioactive Decay

N=N0e−λt

Number of nuclei remaining after time t, where λ is the decay constant and N0 is the initial number of nuclei.


T1/2=0.693λ

Half-life of a radioactive substance.

Additional Modern Physics Formulas

Some additional Modern Physics formulas are given below:

Concept

Formula

Description

Work Function

W=hv0=hcλ0

The work function of a material, where h is Planck's constant, v0 is the threshold frequency, c is the speed of light, and Λ0 is the threshold wavelength.

Photoelectric Effect Characteristics

KEmax=eVs

Maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons, where e is the charge of an electron and Vs is the stopping potential.

Intensity of Radiation

I=12ϵ0E2c

Intensity of electromagnetic radiation, where

Ε0 is the permittivity of free space,

E is the electric field strength, and

c is the speed of light.

Radius and Speed in Hydrogen-like Atoms

vn=(Zn)v0

Speed of an electron in the nth orbit, where

v0 is the speed in the first orbit.

Wavelength of Spectral Lines

1λ=R(1n12−1n22)

Wavelength of spectral lines, where

R is the Rydberg constant.

Effect of Nucleus Motion

En=E1(Z2n2)(μm)

Adjusted energy considering the reduced mass

μ

Minimum Wavelength for X-rays

λmin=hceV0

Minimum wavelength of X-rays produced by an electron accelerated through a potential

V0

Moseley’s Law

v=a(Z−b)

Relationship between the frequency of X-ray spectral lines and atomic number

Z.

Nuclear Radius

R=R0A1/3

Average radius of a nucleus, where

R0 is a constant, and A is the mass number.

Alpha Decay

zXA→z−2YA−4+2He4

The alpha decay process, where z is the atomic number and A is the mass number.

Beta-Minus Decay

zXA→z+1YA+β−+ν

Beta-minus decay process, where β−is an electron and ν is a neutrino.

Beta-Plus Decay

zXA→z−1YA+β++ν

Beta-plus decay process, where β+ is a positron.

Electron Capture

zXA+e→z−1YA+ν

Electron capture process.

Activity of a Sample

A=A0e−λt

Activity of a radioactive sample over time, where A0 is the initial activity.

Average Life

Tav=T1/20.693

Average life of a radioactive substance.

These equations of new physics have to be understood so that the students can do well in the NEET exam. These concepts, with practice and study, can be applied by students to solve questions on quantum mechanics, relativity, photoelectric effect, Bohr's model, nuclear physics, and radioactive decay without any hesitation. Revision and practice of these equations from time to time will make the students have a clear idea about new physics and perform well in NEET preparation.

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