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Biofortification - Practice Questions & MCQ
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #NEET
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Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality: Biofortification is considered one of the most asked concept.
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Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality: Biofortification
- Biofortification is the process by which the nutritional quality of food crops is improved through agronomic practices, conventional plant breeding, or modern biotechnology.
- Biofortification differs from conventional fortification in that biofortification aims to increase nutrient levels in crops during plant growth rather than through manual means during processing of the crops.
- Biofortification may therefore present a way to reach populations where supplementation and conventional fortification activities may be difficult to implement and/or limited.
- Examples of biofortification projects include:
- iron-biofortification of rice, beans, sweet potato, cassava and legumes;
- zinc-biofortification of wheat, rice, beans, sweet potato and maize;
- provitamin A carotenoid-biofortification of sweet potato, maize and cassava; and
- amino acid and protein-biofortification of sorghum and cassava.
- Wheat variety, Atlas 66, having a high protein content, has been used as a donor for improving cultivated wheat.
- The Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi has also released several vegetable crops that are rich in vitamins and minerals:
- Vitamin A enriched carrots, spinach, pumpkin;
- vitamin C enriched bitter gourd, bathua, mustard, tomato; iron and calcium enriched spinach and bathua;
- Protein enriched beans – broad, lablab, French and garden peas.
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