It refers to the uphill transport of particles against their concentration gradient.
When the particles have to move against their concentration gradient, that is, from the region of their lower concentration to the region of their higher concentration, energy has to be spent.
Hence, special membrane proteins called pumps play an important role in the uphill transport.
Pumps are the proteins that use energy for the uphill transportation of the particles.
The pump proteins are highly specific and can be inhibited by inhibitors that react with the side chain of the proteins.
For example, sodium-potassium pumps.
Comparison between different types of transport mechanisms
Comparison between different types of transport mechanisms:
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