Pineal Gland (Epiphysis) MCQ - Practice Questions & Answers

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Identify the hormone with its correct matching of source and function:

Oxytocin - posterior pituatory, growth and maintenance of mammary glands.

Melatonin - pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleepwake cycle.

Progesterone - corpus - luteum, stimulation of growth and activities of female secondary sex organs.

Atrial natriuretic factor - ventricular wall increases the blood pressure.

Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone in adults does not cause further increase in height, because:

Growth Hormone becomes inactive in adults.

Epiphyseal plates close after adolescence.

Bones loose their sensitivity to Growth Hormone in adults.

Muscle fibres do not grow in size after birth .

Concepts Covered - 1

Pineal Gland (Epiphysis)

It is also known as Epiphysis or Third eye
It develops from the ectoderm.
The pineal gland is located on the dorsal side of forebrain.
It is a small rounded body that protrudes from the roof of third ventricle
Pineal gland secretes a hormone called Melatonin
Melatonin is known as 'sleep hormone' because it promotes sleep
Its secretion increases in dim light and decreases in bright light
Melatonin follows a diurnal rhythm as it rises in the evening and through the night and drops to a low around noon
Since it shows a light mediated response, pineal gland is regarded as 'biological clock' (circdian rhythm)