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Know About NEET First Order Reaction Topic, Questions And Solutions

Know About NEET First Order Reaction Topic, Questions And Solutions

Edited By Sumit Saini | Updated on Jun 06, 2022 12:13 PM IST | #NEET
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First Order Reaction

Chemical Kinetics is one of the important chapters of class 12 Chemistry. It generally deals with understanding the rate of chemical reactions. Rate of chemical reaction is the speed at which chemical reaction takes place. Reaction rate is influenced by many factors including temperature, pressure, catalyst etc.

Reactions are classified in various orders like zero order reaction, First order reaction, second order reaction among others on the basis of rate law followed by them.

A first-order reaction refers to the reaction in which the rate of reaction is proportional to the first power of concentration of the reactant at any point of time. Hence, higher the concentration of reactant, higher will be the rate of reaction. Rate of first order reaction decreases as it proceeds due to decrease in concentration of reactant.

Background wave

Hence in first order reaction, rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of reactant as described in the equation below.

Reaction-

Reactant →Product

Rate =k[Reactant]

Below are some of the examples of First Order reaction

2N2O5 → 4NO2+O2

Rate = k[N2O5]

2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2

Rate = k[H2O2]

After analysing the last five years of NEET papers, it has been observed that, total 10 questions were asked from the Chemical Kinetics Chapter and out of those, four questions belong to First order reaction. This shows that First order reaction is the most important concept of Chemical Kinetics and most of the questions can be solved if Integral form of first order reaction is understood well. Questions asked from first order reactions are discussed in the article below.

Differential Rate Law for First Order reaction

Differential Rate Law for a First-Order Reaction reflects the change in concentration with respect to time which is shown by equation below:

Let us assume a first order reaction: A(Reactant)→B(Product)

Rate = -d[A]/dt = k[A]1 = k[A]

In the above equation,

  • ‘k’ represents the rate constant of the first-order reaction, the unit of the rate constant is s-1.

  • ‘[A]’ represents the concentration of the reactant.

  • d[A]/dt represents the change in the concentration of reactant ‘A’ with respect to time.

Integrated Rate Law for First-Order Reaction

Integrated Rate Law of first order reaction is used to calculate the value of rate of rate constant, concentration of reactant a given time, half life etc. Most of the numericals are solved by using Integrated rate law only. Differential rate law is used to obtain the Integral rate law of a First order reaction.

Differential rate law is: -d[A]/dt = k[A]

\Rightarrow d[A]/dt = -k[A]

Integrating both sides, we get

\begin{array}{l}\int_{[A]_0}^{[A]}\frac{d[A]}{[A]} = -\int_{t_0}^{t}kdt\end{array}

Where [A]o is concentration of reactant at time t0 s, and [A] is the concentration of reactant at time t. We get,

\Rightarrow \begin{array}{l}\int_{[A]_0}^{[A]}\frac{1}{[A]}d[A] = -\int_{t_0}^{t}kdt\end{array}

Considering t0 =0, and solving the equation, we get

\Rightarrow ln[A] – ln[A]0 = -kt

\Rightarrow ln[A] =ln[A]0 -kt

Raising each side to component e, we get

\Rightarrow \begin{array}{l}e^{ln[A]} = e^{(ln[A]_0-kt)} \end{array}

\Rightarrow \begin{array}{l}[A] = [A]_0 e^{-kt}\end{array}

Hence, \begin{array}{l}[A] = [A]_0 e^{-kt}\end{array} is the final expression in the integrated form for first order reaction. The above derivation is useful in solving many numerical problems.

Using the Integrated Rate law, Concentration v/s time Graph for First order reaction can be obtained which is shown below

Concentration-time


As the first-order reaction follows the equation ln[A] = ln[A]0 – kt which is similar to that of a straight line (y = mx + c) with slope -k. Hence, this equation can be plotted as-

1653634323010

From the above graph, it can be said that the graph for ln[A] v/s t for a first-order reaction is a straight line with slope -k.

Half-Life of a First-Order Reaction

The half-life of a chemical reaction refers to the time required by the reactant concentration to become half of its initial value. It is represented by t_\frac{1}{2}.

Hence, according to the first order reaction, \begin{array}{l}[A] = [A]_0 e^{-kt}\end{array}. Where [A] refers to the concentration of the reactant at any time ‘‘t’’ and [A]o represents the initial concentration of the reactant.

At half life, t = t1/2 , [A] =A0/2

Putting the value of [A] =A0/2 and t = t1/2 in the equation \begin{array}{l}[A] = [A]_0 e^{-kt}\end{array}, we get

\begin{array}{l}\frac{[A]_0}{2} = [A]_0 e^{-kt_{1/2}}\end{array}

\begin{array}{l}e^{-kt_{1/2}}\end{array}=\frac{1}{2}

Taking ln on both sides, we get,

\begin{array}{l}ln(\frac{1}{2}) = -kt_{1/2}\end{array}

\begin{array}{l}\ t_{1/2} = \frac{0.693}{k}\end{array}

Hence half life of the first order reaction is 0.693/k, where k is the rate constant.

Below discussed are some of the questions asked in the NEET exam from first order reaction.

Question 1. A first order reaction has a specific reaction rate of 10-2 sec-1. How much time will it take for 20 g of the reactant to reduce to 5 g? [NEET 2017]

  1. 238.6 sec

  2. 138.6 sec

  3. 346.5 sec

  4. 693.0 sec

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Ans. The rate of first order reaction is proportional to the first power of the concentration of the reaction.

Let us consider a reaction, R → P , wherein

R → P

At t=0 a 0

At t=t a-x x

rate[r]=K[R]^{1}

\frac{-d(a-x)}{dt}=K(a-x)

After solving this equation, we get

t= \frac{2.303}{k} log \frac{a}{a-x}

Now, putting the values

t= \frac{2.303}{10^{-2}} log \frac{20}{5}

t= 138.6 sec

Alternatively, this can be solved by the half life method. According to which after the first half life concentration becomes half and after the second half life, concentration becomes ¼ th of the initial concentration. Hence after two half life, the concentration becomes from 20g to 5g.

t_\frac{1}{2}=\frac{0.693}{k}

t_\frac{1}{2} \:\:of \:\:the \:\:reaction=\frac{0.693}{K}

\frac{0.693}{10^{-2}}sec=69.3\:sec

Now, 2t1/2= 69.3×2= 138.6 sec.

Hence option ‘’C’’ is correct.

Question 2. The correct difference between first and second-order reactions is that [NEET 2018]

  1. a first-order reaction can be catalysed; a second-order reaction cannot be catalysed

  2. the half-life of a first-order reaction does not depend on [A]o; the half-life of a second-order reaction does depend on [A]o

  3. the rate of a first-order reaction does not depend on reactant concentrations; the rate of a second-order reaction does depend on reactant concentrations

  4. the rate of a first-order reaction does depend on reactant concentrations; the rate of a second-order reaction does not depend on reactant concentrations

Ans. For first Order reaction, rate is directly proportional to the first power of concentration.

For a reaction, A→B

Rate = -d[A]/dt = k[A] and half life is

t_\frac{1}{2}=\frac{0.693}{k}

Where unit of k=sec^{-1}.

Hence \left ( t_{\frac{1}{2}} \right ) 1^{st} order = Independent \; of \; concentration

For second order reaction, For a reaction, A→B

Rate = k[A]^2 and its half life is t_{1/2}= \frac{1}{k[A]_o}

\left ( t_{\frac{1}{2}} \right ) 2^{nd} order \alpha \frac{1}{Initial \;Concentration}

Hence, The half-life of a first-order reaction does not depend on [A]o; the half-life of a second-order reaction does depend on [A]o

Option B is correct.

Question 3. If the rate constant for a first order reaction is k, the time (t) required for the completion of 99 per cent of the reaction is given by: [NEET 2019]

  1. t = 0.693/k

  2. t = 6.909/k

  3. t = 4.606/k

  4. t = 2.303/k

Ans. Let us consider a reaction, R → P , wherein

R → P

At t=0 a 0

At t=t a-x x

For the First Order reaction, Rate of reaction is proportional to the first power of the concentration of the reaction.

rate[r]=K[R]^{1}

\frac{-d(a-x)}{dt}=K(a-x)

ln \:[\frac{a}{a-x}]=kt \:(Integrated rate law)

Unit of k=sec^{-1}

t_\frac{1}{2}=\frac{0.693}{k} and

t= \frac{2.303}{k}\log_{10}\frac{a}{a-x}

a = 100\%\;\;\;\;x=99\%

a - x= 1\%

t_{99.9%} = \frac{2.303}{k}\log_{10}\frac{100}{1} = \frac{2.303}{k}\log_{10}10^2

t_{99.9%} = \frac{2.303}{k}\times 2 = \frac{4.606}{k}

Hence option C is correct.

Question 4. The rate constant for a first order reaction is 4.606 \times 10^{-3}s^{-1} The time required to reduce 2 g of the reactant to 0.2g is: [NEET 2020]

  1. 1000s

  2. 100s

  3. 200s

  4. 500s

Ans. Given,

K=4.606 \times 10^{-3}s^{-1}

Hence the given reaction is of first order.

Thus, we have:

\mathrm{K\: t\: =\: ln\frac{A_{o}}{A}}

Hence it is from the option of keeping th

\mathrm{4.606\: x\: 10^{-3}\: t\: =\: 2.303log\left (\frac{2}{0.2} \right )}

Thus, t=0.5\times10^{3}\; \text {sec}

\text {t}=500\; \text {sec}

Therefore, Option(D) is correct.

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Questions related to NEET

Have a question related to NEET ?

Hello dear,

To get admission to a BAMS course without NEET, here are a few possible routes:

  1. State-Level Exams: Some states, like Karnataka, Maharashtra, or Uttarakhand, may conduct their own entrance exams for BAMS admissions. These may not require NEET scores.

  2. Private Colleges & Management/NRI Quota: Some private colleges may offer admission through management or NRI quotas without requiring NEET scores, although the fees may be higher.

  3. Special Exemptions: Rarely, some colleges may offer exemptions or internal entrance exams, but this is not common.

Make sure the college is recognized by (CCIM) to ensure the degree is valid. Always verify the latest admission guidelines from the specific state or college.

Dear

If you're looking to pursue a BSc in Microbiology from a government college without appearing for NEET or CUET, you can still explore many excellent options. Most government colleges admit students to BSc courses based on the marks obtained in your 12th-grade exams. Here are some of the top government colleges you can consider for BSc in Microbiology:

1. University of Delhi (DU)

  • Courses: DU offers a BSc (Hons) in Microbiology.
  • Admission Process: Based on 12th-grade marks and cutoffs, which vary every year.
  • Eligibility: You need to have Biology as a subject in Class 12 and meet the cutoff requirements.

2. Banaras Hindu University (BHU)

  • Courses: BHU offers a BSc in Microbiology.
  • Admission Process: Admission is usually based on the entrance test, but if you’re looking for colleges with direct 12th marks-based admission, consider other options.
  • Eligibility: A science background with Biology in Class 12 is required.

3. University of Calcutta

  • Courses: BSc in Microbiology.
  • Admission Process: Based on merit (your 12th-grade marks).
  • Eligibility: Completion of Class 12 with Biology as one of the subjects.

4. Jamia Millia Islamia (JMI)

  • Courses: BSc in Microbiology.
  • Admission Process: Based on 12th marks or an entrance exam, depending on the course.
  • Eligibility: Biology should be one of the subjects in Class 12.

5. Madras University

  • Courses: BSc in Microbiology.
  • Admission Process: Based on merit, considering your marks in 12th.
  • Eligibility: A science background in Class 12 with Biology.

6. University of Pune (Savitribai Phule Pune University)

  • Courses: BSc in Microbiology.
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  • Eligibility: Biology as a subject in Class 12.

7. Karnataka University, Dharwad

  • Courses: BSc in Microbiology.
  • Admission Process: Based on marks obtained in the Class 12 exam.
  • Eligibility: Class 12 with a science background and Biology as a subject.

8. St. Xavier’s College, Mumbai

  • Courses: BSc in Microbiology.
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  • Eligibility: Science stream with Biology in 12th.

9. Aligarh Muslim University (AMU)

  • Courses: BSc in Microbiology.
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  • Eligibility: Completion of Class 12 with Biology.

10. Sri Venkateswara College, Delhi University

  • Courses: BSc (Hons) Microbiology.
  • Admission Process: Based on Class 12 marks through the DU admission process.
  • Eligibility: Class 12 with Biology as a subject.

Tips:

  • Research and Apply Early: Keep an eye on the official websites for admission dates and specific criteria.
  • Check Cutoffs: Colleges like DU and BHU release cutoff lists, which are based on your 12th-grade performance. Ensure you meet the required percentage.
  • Prepare Documents: Make sure to have your Class 12 marksheet and necessary documents ready for the application.

These colleges offer great opportunities for pursuing BSc in Microbiology, and you do not need to appear for NEET or CUET for admission to these programs.

Here’s the cutoff information of neet 2025 for general students:-

  • NEET 2025 cut-off : Official cut-off marks for General students will be released after the NEET 2025 results.
  • Expected range : The anticipated cut-off for General (UR/EWS) students is likely to fall between 720-162 marks, based on previous trends.

  • Percentile requirement : A minimum of 50th percentile is required for General category candidates to qualify.

  • Factors influencing the cut-off :

    • Difficulty level of the exam

    • Number of candidates appearing

    • Seat availability across medical colleges

  • Final announcement : The official cut-off will be published by NTA after the NEET results are processed.

The NEET 2025 application fees were as follows:


General Category: Rs1,700


General-EWS/OBC-NCL: Rs1,600

SC/ST/PwBD/Third Gender: Rs1,000

Candidates appearing from outside India were required to pay a higher fee of Rs9,500.

The application fee was payable online through various modes, including debit card, credit card, net banking, UPI, or e-wallet.

Hello,

As of March 2025, the NEET application fees are:

- General Category:1,700

- General-EWS/OBC-NCL:1,600

- SC/ST/PwD/Third Gender:1,000

- NRI Candidates:9,50

Fees are payable online via net banking, credit/debit cards, or UPI.

hope this helps you,

Thank you

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Column II ( Their location)

Parotids

I

Below tongue

Sub-maxillary / sub-mandibular

Ii

Lower jaw

Sub-linguals

Iii

Cheek

Option: 1

a(i), b(ii) , c(iii)

 


Option: 2

a(ii), b(i), c(iii)

 


Option: 3

a(i), b(iii), c(ii)


Option: 4

a(iii), b(ii), c(i)


Ethyl \; ester \xrightarrow[(excess)]{CH_{3}MgBr} P

the product 'P' will be ,

Option: 1


Option: 2


Option: 3

\left ( C_{2}H_{5} \right )_{3} - C- OH


Option: 4


 

    

           

 Valve name                            

             

Function

    I   Aortic valve     A

Prevents blood from going backward from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.

    II   Mitral valve     B

 Prevent blood from flowing backward from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

    III   Pulmonic valve     C

 Prevents backward flow from the aorta into the left ventricle.

    IV   Tricuspid valve     D

 Prevent backward flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.

 

Option: 1

I – A , II – B, III – C, IV – D


Option: 2

 I – B , II – C , III – A , IV – D


Option: 3

 I – C , II – D , III – A , IV – B


Option: 4

 I – D , II – A , III – B , IV – C 

 

 


Column A Column B
A

a) Organisation of cellular contents and further cell growth.  

B

b) Leads to formation of two daughter cells.

C

c) Cell grows physically and increase volume proteins,organells.

D

d)  synthesis and replication of DNA.

Match the correct option as per the process shown in the diagram. 

 

 

 

Option: 1

1-b,2-a,3-d,4-c
 


Option: 2

1-c,2-b,3-a,4-d


Option: 3

1-a,2-d,3-c,4-b

 


Option: 4

1-c,2-d,3-a,4-b


0.014 Kg of N2 gas at 27 0C is kept in a closed vessel. How much heat is required to double the rms speed of the N2 molecules?

Option: 1

3000 cal


Option: 2

2250 cal


Option: 3

2500 cal


Option: 4

3500 cal


0.16 g of dibasic acid required 25 ml of decinormal NaOH solution for complete neutralisation. The modecular weight of the acid will be

Option: 1

32


Option: 2

64


Option: 3

128


Option: 4

256


0.5 F of electricity is passed through 500 mL of copper sulphate solution. The amount of copper (in g) which can be deposited will be:

Option: 1

31.75


Option: 2

15.8


Option: 3

47.4


Option: 4

63.5


0.5 g of an organic substance was kjeldahlised and the ammonia released was neutralised by 100 ml 0.1 M HCl. Percentage of nitrogen in the compound is

Option: 1

14


Option: 2

42


Option: 3

28


Option: 4

72


0xone is

Option: 1

\mathrm{KO}_{2}


Option: 2

\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}


Option: 3

\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}


Option: 4

\mathrm{CaO}


(1) A substance  known as "Smack"

(2) Diacetylmorphine

(3) Possessing a white color

(4) Devoid of any odor

(5) Crystal compound with a bitter taste

(6) Obtained by extracting from the latex of the poppy plant

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