NEET Syllabus: Important Topics In Chemistry; Chapter-Wise Weightage; Analysis Of 5-Years’ Papers

NEET Syllabus: Important Topics In Chemistry; Chapter-Wise Weightage; Analysis Of 5-Years’ Papers

Edited By Sumit Saini | Updated on Nov 08, 2024 11:50 AM IST | #NEET

Chemistry is one of the most scoring papers in the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET), having a weightage of 25% out of three subjects – Chemistry, Physics and Biology which, in turn, includes Zoology and Botany. Considering the high NEET cut-offs in recent years, every single mark scored bears huge importance.

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NEET Syllabus: Important Topics In Chemistry; Chapter-Wise Weightage; Analysis Of 5-Years’ Papers
NEET Syllabus: Important Topics In Chemistry; Chapter-Wise Weightage; Analysis Of 5-Years’ Papers

The NEET is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) for admission in all medical colleges in the country. The NEET examination is intensely competitive, which is reflected in its high cut-offs. In the last five years, the NEET exam duration was three hours and the paper carried 720 marks.

To ace NEET 2022, it is important to know the exam pattern and then to formulate a suitable strategy. Many concepts are repeated every year, which a student cannot afford to lose out marks on. Hence, the importance of being familiar with NEET previous years’ questions. An analysis of the past five years’, including NEET 2021 Chemistry questions, gives you an idea of the difficulty level of the questions and the topics which are the most important from the exam perspective because questions from them keep being repeated. Many of these NEET Chemistry topics are covered in Class 11 and Class 12 Chemistry NCERT textbooks.

Here’s an analysis of the questions asked in NTA NEET Chemistry paper in the last five years, including NTA NEET 2021 paper, to help you prepare for the next exam.

NEET Syllabus: Chemistry

A total of 230 questions came in the Chemistry section of NEET question papers over the past five years. Here’s the distribution of Chemistry questions by chapter in the NCERT Chemistry textbooks.

NEET Chemistry: Chapter-Wise Weightage

Chemistry Chapter

Questions Asked

Some P-Block Elements

24

Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure

14

Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids

12

Coordination Compounds

12

Equilibrium

12

Hydrocarbons

12

Thermodynamics

12

Chemical Kinetics

10

Electrochemistry

10

Biomolecules

9

Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles And Techniques

9

Structure Of Atom

9

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

8

Alcohols, Phenols And Ethers

7

Solutions

7

d and f Block Elements

6

General Principles And Processes Of Isolation Elements

6

S- Block Elements ( Alkali And Alkaline Earth Metals )

6

Solid State

6

Basic Concepts Of Chemistry

5

Redox Reactions

5

States Of Matter : Gasses And Liquids

5

Surface Chemistry

5

Chemistry In Everyday Life

4

Environmental Chemistry

4

Polymers

4

Classification Of Elements And Periodicity In Properties

3

Hydrogen

3

Haloalkanes And Haloarenes

1

It is apparent from the table that the maximum number of questions are from these chapters: Some P-Block Elements, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, and Co-ordination Compounds. These chapters account for 62 questions out of 230, which is nearly 27%.

NEETPrep: Physical, Inorganic, Organic Chemistry

The discipline of Chemistry is divided into three parts – Physical, Inorganic and Organic.

The tables below list the most important concepts along with a number of questions asked from each in the last five years.

NEET Exam Paper: Physical Chemistry

Concept

Questions

Spontaneity Criteria With Gibbs energy (G)

5

First Order Reaction

4

Solubility and Solubility Product

4


NEET Exam Paper: Inorganic Chemistry

Concept

Questions

Molecular Orbital Theory

4

Anomalous Behaviour of Boron

3

Chemical properties of Group 16 elements

3

Magnetic Moment (On the basis of VBT)

3

Bonding in Metal Carbonyls

3

Shapes of Molecules

3


NEET Exam Paper: Organic Chemistry

Concept

Questions

Preparation of Aldehydes

3

NEET Exam Syllabus: Physical chemistry

Now, let us understand the concepts, one by one.

Spontaneity Criteria With Gibbs Energy (G)

Gibbs energy is a thermodynamic concept which is used to calculate the maximum work which can be performed by a closed system.

To understand this, we define a function called Gibbs function as G= H-TS

The change in Gibbs energy for reactions under conditions of constant temperature and pressure, ∆Gsys can be written as:

∆G = ∆H − T∆S

∆G gives a criterion for spontaneity at constant pressure and temperature.

(i) If ∆G is negative (< 0), the process is spontaneous.

(ii) If ∆G is positive (> 0), the process is non-spontaneous.

(iii) If ∆G is zero, the process is reversible or at equilibrium

This set of equations is important as the question might ask the spontaneity of a reaction in which the values of temperature, enthalpy change and entropy change are provided. This concept is also relevant for the chapter “Surface chemistry” in relation to the adsorption process.

First Order Reaction

The First Order Reaction is the most important topic in the chapter “Chemical Kinetics”. Every year, there is a question in the NEET exam from this chapter.

The equation, which represents first order reaction is [A]=[A]oe−kt which is helpful in solving numerical-based questions. There are questions related to half-life and assessment of the concentration of a reactant at various time periods which can be solved with the help of the above equation. Understanding the First Order Reaction also helps in understanding Radioactivity, which is a part of Chemistry as well as Class 12 Physics.

Solubility And Solubility Product

Solubility and Solubility Product is a topic in the chapter “Ionic Equilibrium”. Solubility Product is another equilibrium constant which depends on the temperature. It is represented by “Ksp”. The value of Ksp increases with increasing temperature and vice versa. The NEET exam often includes questions which are related to the value of Ksp and the effect of temperature on its value for a chemical reaction. Understanding the Equilibrium chapter is important to understand Ionic Equilibrium.

Inorganic Chemistry

Here are the most important concepts in Inorganic Chemistry.

Molecular Orbital Theory

Molecular Orbital Theory belongs to the chapter of Chemical Bonding which deals with the structure and properties of different molecules. MOT is an important concept because there are certain characteristics of a molecule which are not explained by Valence Bond Theory (VBT) and can only be explained by MOT. According to the MOT, formation of orbitals in bonding between atoms of a molecule follows the LCAO linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method.

In LCAO method, two types of orbitals are formed:

  1. Bonding Molecular Orbital
  2. Antibonding Molecular Orbital
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To solve NEET questions, understanding the MOT is required which helps in calculating Bond Order, Nature of Bond, Bond Length and Magnetic nature of a molecule.

There are many questions every year on comparison between different molecules vis-a-vis these properties.

The following concepts are of utmost importance to solve most questions related to this topic.

  1. Bond order = ½ (Nb–Na), where Nb and Na = number of electrons present in the bonding and the antibonding orbitals respectively.
  2. The bond length decreases as the bond order increases
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Anomalous Behaviour Of Boron

Boron belongs to the Group 13, also known as Boron Family, in the modern periodic table of elements. The chemical and physical properties of group 13 elements follow a trend but Boron shows properties which are in contrast to other elements in the family due to its small size and absence of d-orbitals in its valence shell.

Let us discuss the anomalous properties of the Boron.

  1. The maximum covalency of Boron is 4 due to the absence of d orbitals, while in other elements of the same group, maximum valence can be beyond 4 because of the presence of d orbitals.
  2. The oxides and hydroxides of Boron are acidic in nature, whereas the oxides and hydroxides of the other elements in the Boron Family are amphoteric in nature.

Questions from this concept in NEET are factual in nature. Typically, candidates are asked for reasons for such anomalous behaviour.

Chemical Properties Of Group 16 Elements

Group 16 elements generally known as chalcogens or Oxygen Family includes Oxygen, Sulphur, Selenium, Tellurium and Polonium. Chemical property refers to the property shown by an element in a chemical reaction which is driven by properties like variable oxidation state and trends in chemical reactivity.

Let us discuss some examples displaying the chemical properties of Group 16 elements.

  1. Oxidation State: Group 16 elements exhibit a number of oxidation states. The stability of -2 oxidation state decreases down the group; Oxygen shows predominantly -2 oxidation states owing to its high electronegativity. Other elements of the Group exhibit +2, +4 and +6 oxidation states. The stability of +4 oxidation states increases down the group due to the inert pair effect.
  2. Anomalous Behaviour Of Oxygen: Oxygen being the smallest in size and having high electronegativity shows anomalous behaviour. For example, the presence of a strong H-Bonding in H2O, not found in H2S, is explained by the small size and high electronegativity of Oxygen.

Questions from exceptions are asked directly.

Magnetic Moment (On The Basis Of VBT)

Calculation of Magnetic Moment in a coordination compound is a very important concept as questions from this topic are asked every year.

VBT assumes that the Metal-Ligand bond is formed by donating an electron pair to the metal atom forming a Coordinate bond. Ligands are classified into strong ligands like CN-, CO, and weak ligands like F-,Cl- and others.

Strong Ligands have a tendency to pair up the d-electrons of a central atom whereas weak ligands do not have that tendency. The complex formed by nner (n-1) d-orbitals is called the “inner orbital complex”, whereas the complex formed by outer d-orbital is called the “outer orbital complex”.

Magnetic moment can be calculated using the number of unpaired electrons in the central metal orbitals. For example, in case of [NiCl4]2- ion, the oxidation state of Ni is +2 having valence shell electronic configuration as 3d8.

As mentioned above, Cl- is a weak ligand and so, no pairing will take place in 3d orbitals of Ni. Vacant 4s and 4p orbitals combine to give sp3 hybridised orbital complexes with tetrahedral geometry. Given below is the depiction of how bonding takes place in the orbital. In NEET examination, finding of Hybridisation, number of unpaired electrons and more are asked.

1651753880697

Bonding In Metal Carbonyls

Metal carbonyls are also known as Organometallic Compounds in which the Carbonyl group acts as ligand, donating a lone pair of electrons to the Central Metal in the Complex. Such Compounds are formed by many transition metal elements. In a Metal Carbonyl bond, both sigma and pi bond characters are present. Unconventional behaviour is shown by the metal carbonyl bond in which bonding is two-sided, involving the donation of an electron pair of the carbonyl molecule to the vacant orbital of the metal and simultaneously donating a pair of electrons from the full d-orbital of metal to the vacant antibonding π* orbital of carbonyl ligand. Here, a metal-carbon π bond is formed which is also known as Synergic bonding.

1651753879394

Shapes Of Molecules

The shape of molecules is predicted by the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory explained in the chapter on Chemical Bonding. The VSEPR theory considers the orientation of a lone pair of electrons and a bond pair in a molecule. There are various postulates of the VSEPR theory which guide the prediction of the shapes of different molecules.

Generally, the Steric number is used to predict the shape of a molecule which goes like this:

  1. If VSEPR number is 2 shape will be linear
  2. VSEPR number is 3, shape will be trigonal planar
  3. VSEPR number is 4, shape will be tetrahedral
  4. VSEPR number is 5, shape will be trigonal bipyramidal.
  5. VSEPR number is 6, shape will be octahedral.

The shape of the molecule, when asked in NTA NEET, can be predicted by VSEPR number. Questions from this concept are usually easy.

Organic Chemistry

There is only one topic that has furnished most questions over the past five years. It is discussed below.

Preparation Of Aldehydes

The organic compounds that contain carbon-oxygen double bonds are known as “carbonyl compounds”. Carbonyl compounds are of two types – aldehydes and ketones.

Compounds in which the Carbon of the carbonyl group is attached to at least one Hydrogen atom is known as aldehydes. Aldehydes are prepared by various methods, a few of which are listed below.

  1. By oxidation of alcohol
  2. From alkenes
  3. Dehydrogenation of alcohols
  4. Oxidation of methyl benzene, also known as Etard reaction.

Students must have these reactions at their fingertips in order to solve questions from this topic in the examination.

Solve more questions from the important topics listed here, do your own analysis and also formulate your own NEET preparation strategy based on where you are weak or strong. Previous year’s questions can help you be better prepared for NEET 2022.

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Questions related to NEET

Have a question related to NEET ?

Hello,

The NEET 2024 cutoff for admission into the Government Akhandanand Ayurved College, Ahmedabad , will be based on category, exam difficulty, and the number of candidates. According to past trends, the closing rank for BAMS in 2023 was around 97,092, with the cutoff for general category candidates ranging between 44,756 and 97,092. Candidates belonging to the reserved categories (SC/ST/OBC) generally had a slightly higher closing rank.

Fees-wise, the total fee for BAMS at the college is pretty reasonable. The annual fee is around INR 19,000 that covers tuition and other fees. There might be some concession for the reserved category students and the fee would come around INR 14,000.

For accurate and updated cutoff information, it is best to keep a check on the Gujarat Ayush NEET Counselling website around the time of admission.

Hi

The NEET PG 2025 exam is expected to be conducted in March 2025  the usual pattern of being held in the first or second week of March . However, the National Board of Examinations (NBE) will release the official notification with the exact date closer to the exam . Keep an eye on the official website for updates .

Check out an article for more details :

https://medicine.careers360.com/articles/neet-pg-2025-latest-news-updates

Thank you

Hello Chibi

Neet pg 2025 exam date is likely to be announced on natboard.edu.in

It is expected to be held in the first week of May or 4th may 2025.

Due to delayed counseling process of neet ug this year , exam date of neet pg 2025 is also delayed .

For details you may visit the link given below

https://news.careers360.com/neet-pg-2025-likely-mid-next-year-aspirants-doctors-speculate-nbems-exam-date-delayed-mcc-counselling-sc-hearing-results-latest-news



Yes, you are definitely eligible for need if you have passed your 12th boards with physics chemistry and Biology and main subject even you have done it in a single setting course. Well the primary eligibility criteria for neet is that you must be 17 years old as on December 31st of the year of exam.And you must have passed class 12 or the equivalent with physics chemistry biology and English as main subject you have qualified all this criteria your mode of education doesn't matter. NEET ELIGIBILITY

To be eligible for NEET exam, age of candidates must be minimum 17 years and candidates must have passed class 12th with physics chemistry and biology / biotechnology with a minimum of 50% aggregate. NEET is the national level entrance exam for admission to various medical and paramedical course. Single sitting bipc course students are not eligible for NEET exam.

View All

Column I ( Salivary gland)

 

Column II ( Their location)

Parotids

I

Below tongue

Sub-maxillary / sub-mandibular

Ii

Lower jaw

Sub-linguals

Iii

Cheek

Option: 1

a(i), b(ii) , c(iii)

 


Option: 2

a(ii), b(i), c(iii)

 


Option: 3

a(i), b(iii), c(ii)


Option: 4

a(iii), b(ii), c(i)


Ethyl \; ester \xrightarrow[(excess)]{CH_{3}MgBr} P

the product 'P' will be ,

Option: 1


Option: 2


Option: 3

\left ( C_{2}H_{5} \right )_{3} - C- OH


Option: 4


 

    

           

 Valve name                            

             

Function

    I   Aortic valve     A

Prevents blood from going backward from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.

    II   Mitral valve     B

 Prevent blood from flowing backward from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

    III   Pulmonic valve     C

 Prevents backward flow from the aorta into the left ventricle.

    IV   Tricuspid valve     D

 Prevent backward flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.

 

Option: 1

I – A , II – B, III – C, IV – D


Option: 2

 I – B , II – C , III – A , IV – D


Option: 3

 I – C , II – D , III – A , IV – B


Option: 4

 I – D , II – A , III – B , IV – C 

 

 


Column A Column B
A

a) Organisation of cellular contents and further cell growth.  

B

b) Leads to formation of two daughter cells.

C

c) Cell grows physically and increase volume proteins,organells.

D

d)  synthesis and replication of DNA.

Match the correct option as per the process shown in the diagram. 

 

 

 

Option: 1

1-b,2-a,3-d,4-c
 


Option: 2

1-c,2-b,3-a,4-d


Option: 3

1-a,2-d,3-c,4-b

 


Option: 4

1-c,2-d,3-a,4-b


0.014 Kg of N2 gas at 27 0C is kept in a closed vessel. How much heat is required to double the rms speed of the N2 molecules?

Option: 1

3000 cal


Option: 2

2250 cal


Option: 3

2500 cal


Option: 4

3500 cal


0.16 g of dibasic acid required 25 ml of decinormal NaOH solution for complete neutralisation. The modecular weight of the acid will be

Option: 1

32


Option: 2

64


Option: 3

128


Option: 4

256


0.5 F of electricity is passed through 500 mL of copper sulphate solution. The amount of copper (in g) which can be deposited will be:

Option: 1

31.75


Option: 2

15.8


Option: 3

47.4


Option: 4

63.5


0.5 g of an organic substance was kjeldahlised and the ammonia released was neutralised by 100 ml 0.1 M HCl. Percentage of nitrogen in the compound is

Option: 1

14


Option: 2

42


Option: 3

28


Option: 4

72


0xone is

Option: 1

\mathrm{KO}_{2}


Option: 2

\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}


Option: 3

\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}


Option: 4

\mathrm{CaO}


(1) A substance  known as "Smack"

(2) Diacetylmorphine

(3) Possessing a white color

(4) Devoid of any odor

(5) Crystal compound with a bitter taste

(6) Obtained by extracting from the latex of the poppy plant

The above statements/information are correct for:

Option: 1

Morphine


Option: 2

Heroin


Option: 3

Cocaine


Option: 4

Barbiturates


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