NEET 2024 Cutoff AP - College-wise & Category-wise Cutoff

NEET 2024 Cutoff AP - College-wise & Category-wise Cutoff

Updated on May 20, 2025 03:37 PM IST | #NEET
Upcoming Event
NEET  Result Date : 14 Jun' 2025 - 14 Jun' 2025

The Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada releases the cutoff of AP MBBS and BDS. The Andhra Pradesh NEET cutoff is released by the authority after the completion of AP NEET counselling. The 15% AIQ seats are filled by the MCC, while the 85% state quota seats are filled by the Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences. The AP NEET cutoff 2024 includes the opening and closing ranks at which admission to MBBS and BDS colleges is granted.

The cutoff is based on the marks scored by the aspirants in NEET. It is to be noted that the cutoff for AP NEET 2024 is released category-wise for each round separately and is separate for each participating institute. Aspirants seeking more details about medical colleges in AP and their cut-off ranks with the previous year’s cutoffs can read the article below.

AP MBBS qualifying marks 2024

Candidates aspiring to get admission to Andhra Pradesh MBBS seats must secure the minimum NEET cutoff marks. Check the category-wise NEET cutoff 2024 from the table below.

Category

NEET cut off percentile

NEET 2024 cut off marks (out of 720)

General

50 percentile

720-162

SC/ST/OBC

40 percentile

161-127

General-PH

45 percentile

161-144

SC/OBC-PH

40 percentile

143-127
ST-PH40 percentile142-127
JSS University Mysore 2025

NAAC A+ Accredited| Ranked #24 in University Category by NIRF | Applications open for multiple UG & PG Programs

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Allied & Life Science 2025

Admissions Open for multiple allied and health sciences programs across 5 campuses | Ranked #7 in India by NIRF, NAAC A++ Accredited

AP NEET cutoff 2024

The NEET cutoff 2024 AP is released based on the AP NEET state counselling. The AP NEET cutoff 2024 is released with the opening and closing ranks for the various participating institutes.

AP NEET MBBS cutoff 2024

College NameNEET Opening RankNEET Closing Rank
Government Medical College, Nandyal4033441869
Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Tirupati (under SVIMS)2248036347
Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam13034655
Alluri Seetharama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru3768740263
Great Eastern Medical School and Hospital , Srikakulam3319633196
Government Medical College, Eluru291827598
Guntur Medical College, Guntur19318601
Government Medical College, Machilipatnam3409934099
Government Medical College, Paderu3838438384
Government Medical College, Rajamahendravaram3277636232
Government Medical College,Srikakulam2414527943
Government Medical College, Vizianagaram3595836027
GSL Medical College, Rajamahendravaram3727144608
Gayatri Vidya Parishad Inst. of Health Care and Medical Technology, Visakhapatnam5378755068
Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur4122041220
Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation , Amalapuram4171753200
Maharaja Institute of Medical Sciences, Vizianagaram5327853469
NRI Medical College, Chinnakakani323129545
NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam2857952609
Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Gannavaram3981240950
Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada508814002
Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada1106617188
ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore1865928847
Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chittoor4561145611
Sri Balaji Medical College Hospital and Research Institute , Renigunta, Tirupati5354156125
Government Medical College, Anantapur2186736566
Government Medical College, Kadapa3430637188
Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool479512089
Narayana Medical College, Nellore2953644160
P.E.S. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam3785951387
Santhiram Medical College, Nandyal5567159125
Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati621218006
Viswabharathi Medical College, Kurnool4630260444
Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam17664655
Alluri Seetharama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru3768740263
Great Eastern Medical School and Hospital , Srikakulam3319633196
Government Medical College, Eluru2759827598
Guntur Medical College, Guntur19318601
Government Medical College, Machilipatnam3409934099
Government Medical College, Paderu3838438384
Government Medical College, Rajamahendravaram3277632776
Government Medical College,Srikakulam2414527943
Government Medical College, Vizianagaram3595836027
GSL Medical College, Rajamahendravaram4271244608
Gayatri Vidya Parishad Inst. of Health Care and Medical Technology, Visakhapatnam5378755068
Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur4122041220
Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation , Amalapuram5078953200
Maharaja Institute of Medical Sciences, Vizianagaram5327853469
NRI Medical College, Chinnakakani2654529545
NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam5187052609
Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Gannavaram4095040950
Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada508814002
Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada1168117188
ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore1909228847
Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chittoor4561145611
Sri Balaji Medical College Hospital and Research Institute , Renigunta, Tirupati5612556125
Government Medical College, Anantapur2186736566
Government Medical College, Kadapa3430636176
Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool479512089
Narayana Medical College, Nellore2953644050
P.E.S. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam3785951387
Santhiram Medical College, Nandyal5567156412
Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati831318006
Viswabharathi Medical College, Kurnool4630260444
NEET 2025 Rank & College Predictor
Know your NEET 2025 Rank based on your expected marks & admission chances in top Medical & Dental colleges by using NEET 2025 College Predictor.
Try Now

NEET cutoff 2024 AP for BDS

College NameNEET Opening RankNEET Closing Rank
KIMS Dental College & Hospital, Amalapuram154195154195
Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Visakhapatnam4168388138
CARE Dental College, Guntur106600106600
Government Dental College & Hospital, Vijayawada4480369943
Gitam Dental College & Hospital, Visakhapatanm7868686160
GSL Dental College & Hospital, Rajamahendravaram8703291036
Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur7103288245
St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru97532135213
Drs. Sudha & Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Gannavaram8508694346
Sree Sai Dental College & Research Institute, Srikakulam145202148690
Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram8778690909
CKS Theja Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Tirupati94690115488
Government Dental College & Hospital , Kadapa5839885369
G. Pulla Reddy Dental College & Hospital, Kurnool92026101737
Narayana Dental College & Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore87029104577
Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Visakhapatnam4168388138
CARE Dental College, Guntur106600106600
Government Dental College & Hospital, Vijayawada4480344803
Gitam Dental College & Hospital, Visakhapatanm8384686160
GSL Dental College & Hospital, Rajamahendravaram8703291036
Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur8635388245
St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru97532135213
Drs. Sudha & Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Gannavaram8805194346
Sree Sai Dental College & Research Institute, Srikakulam148690148690
Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram8808090909
CKS Theja Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Tirupati94690115488
Government Dental College & Hospital , Kadapa5839885369
G. Pulla Reddy Dental College & Hospital, Kurnool101737101737
Narayana Dental College & Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore87294104577
SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre

Ranked #18 by NIRF, NAAC A++ Accredited | Unmatched clinical exposure with over 7 lakh patients yearly

VIT Bhopal University | Integrated M.Sc Biotechnology 2025

Apply for Integrated M.Sc Biotechnology (5 Years, after 10+2) @ VIT Bhopal University | H-CTC 52 LPA

AP MBBS 2023 college-wise cutoff

College Name

Quota

Category

NEET Opening Rank

NEET Closing Rank

Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada

Government Quota

Open

1503

14969

Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam

Government Quota

Open

2037

4934

Guntur Medical College, Guntur

Government Quota

Open

1930

7806

Ranga Raya Medical College, Kakinada

Government Quota

Open

6689

12631

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Srikakulam

Government Quota

Open

16692

22802

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Ongole

Government Quota

Open

22173

23917

Government Medical College, Vizianagaram

Government Quota

Open

32659

33494

Government Medical College, Rajamahendravaram

Government Quota

Open

22622

33316

Government Medical College, Eluru

Government Quota

Open

22511

22511

Government Medical College, Machilipatnam

Government Quota

Open

27219

33474

NRI Medical College, Chinakakani

Government Quota

Open

22431

27391

Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur

Government Quota

Open

36071

41431

Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Chinoutpalli

Government Quota

Open

12227

38024

Alluri Sitaramaraju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru

Government Quota

Open

21595

36714

Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Amalapuram

Government Quota

Open

36643

44635

Maharajahs Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla

Government Quota

Open

45764

52380

GSL Medical College and General Hospital, Rajahmundry

Government Quota

Open

23460

40398

NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa

Government Quota

Open

41382

41563

Great Eastern Medical School and Hospital, Srikakulam

Government Quota

Open

45018

45018

Gayatri Vidya Parishad Institute of Health Care and Medical Technology, Visakhapatnam

Government Quota

Open

34953

42944

Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati

Government Quota

Open

3529

14902

Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool

Government Quota

Open

1242

9391

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa

Government Quota

Open

29787

32073

Government Medical College, Anantapur

Government Quota

Open

16320

27545

ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore

Government Quota

Open

12893

24462

Government Medical College, Nandyal

Government Quota

Open

23395

40650

Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Tirupati

Government Quota

Open

25298

29262

Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Tirupati

Government Quota

Open

35517

52111

Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddypalem

Government Quota

Open

20701

38067

PES Institute of Medical Science and Research, Kuppam

Government Quota

Open

37824

44238

Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal

Government Quota

Open

22787

41069

Viswabharathi Medical College and General Hospital, Kurnool

Government Quota

Open

49466

53061

Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chittoor

Government Quota

Open

30943

45934

Sri Balaji Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute, Renigunta

Government Quota

Open

31903

53107

AP BDS 2023 college-wise cutoff

College Name

Quota

Category

NEET Opening Rank

NEET Closing Rank

Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram

Government Quota

Open

115619

117183

Government Dental College, Kadapa

Government Quota

Open

117380

131187

GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam

Government Quota

Open

117384

136437

Drs Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Gannavaram Mandal, Krishna

Government Quota

Open

105327

144226

KLRs Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajanagarm

Government Quota

Open

147771

147771

Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore

Government Quota

Open

113131

150640

GSL Dental College, Rajahmundry

Government Quota

Open

144062

158200

Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Vishakapatnam

Government Quota

Open

160583

166902

KIMS Dental College, Amalapuram

Government Quota

Open

175949

175949

Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam

Government Quota

Open

177365

177365

Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur

Government Quota

Open

369763

369763

CKS Theja Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Tirupati

Government Quota

Open

1052761

1052761


Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Who releases the cutoff for AP NEET cutoff 2024?

Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada releases the cutoff of NEET AP 2024 in online mode.

2. Is NEET compulsory for admission to AP MBBS?

Yes, candidates must qualify for the NEET medical entrance exam

3. What are the detals included in AP NEET cutoff?

The cutoff includes the opening and closing NEET rank

Articles

Certifications By Top Providers

Introduction to Psychology
Via San Jose State University, San Jose
Forensic Science DNA Analysis
Via University of Cambridge, Cambridge
Radiology Technician
Via VIVO Healthcare
Food laws and Standards
Via Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi
OPRA Exam Preparation
Via Academically
Coursera
 355 courses
Futurelearn
 310 courses
Edx
 233 courses
Udemy
 191 courses
Swayam
 106 courses

Explore Top Universities Across Globe

University College London, London
 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT
University of Essex, Colchester
 Wivenhoe Park Colchester CO4 3SQ
University of Nottingham, Nottingham
 University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD
University of Alberta, Edmonton
 116 St. and 85 Ave., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2R3
University of Wisconsin, Madison
 329 Union South 1308 W. Dayton Street Madison, WI 53715-1149

Questions related to NEET

Have a question related to NEET ?

Hey Aaryan !

If you paid Rs. 5 lakh as a refundable security deposit during NEET UG counselling for a deemed university and are now paying college fees under the Post Matric Scholarship (PMS) for SC category students, the Rs. 5 lakh deposit cannot be refunded or adjusted against your tuition fees.

According to the Medical Counselling Committee (MCC), the refundable security deposit is only refunded if you do not get a seat after all rounds of counselling. If you have got a seat and joined the college, the deposit is adjusted against the first-year tuition fees. This happens regardless of any scholarships you receive.

So, the Rs. 5 lakh deposit will not be refunded or adjusted with your PMS scholarship.

Hope it helps !

Hi! With around 410 marks in NEET UG 2025 , getting a government medical college is quite tough in the General category , but if you belong to OBC/SC/ST or are applying through State quota in states with lower cutoffs (like some North-Eastern states), you might have a chance—especially for BDS, BHMS, or BAMS courses.

To get a better idea, you can use the NEET College Predictor by Careers360 .

Good luck!

Hello Nirmal,

With 352 marks in NEET 2025 and belonging to the SC category , getting an MBBS seat is possible but depends on the state and counseling .

Key points:

  • Cutoffs vary by state and college.

  • For many government medical colleges , SC category cutoffs are lower than general.

  • In some states, 350+ marks for SC category may get a seat in government or private colleges.

  • You can also look for seats in private medical colleges through management quota or state counseling.

  • Participate in state counseling actively and keep an eye on round-wise seat allotments .


I hope this answer helps you. If you have more queries, feel free to share your questions with us, and we will be happy to assist you.

Thank you, and I wish you all the best in your bright future.


Hello,

As of 2025, different Indian universities have different requirements for taking the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) in order to be admitted to the Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT) program. Some universities and colleges have included NEET in their admissions procedures, even though it is not always required for BPT admissions. For instance, while some universities use their own entrance exams or base admissions on Class 12 grades, others may accept NEET scores for BPT admissions. To find out if NEET is required, it's critical to review the particular admission requirements of the universities you are considering.

All the best.

Hello,

As of 2025, different Indian institutions have different requirements for taking the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) in order to be admitted to the Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT) program. Some colleges and universities have included NEET in their admissions procedures, even though it is not always required for BPT admissions. For example, while some schools use their own entrance exams or base admissions on Class 12 grades, others may accept NEET scores for BPT admissions. To find out if NEET is required, it's critical to review the particular admission requirements of the universities you are interested in.
All the best.


View All

Column I ( Salivary gland)

 

Column II ( Their location)

Parotids

I

Below tongue

Sub-maxillary / sub-mandibular

Ii

Lower jaw

Sub-linguals

Iii

Cheek

Option: 1

a(i), b(ii) , c(iii)

 


Option: 2

a(ii), b(i), c(iii)

 


Option: 3

a(i), b(iii), c(ii)


Option: 4

a(iii), b(ii), c(i)


Ethyl \; ester \xrightarrow[(excess)]{CH_{3}MgBr} P

the product 'P' will be ,

Option: 1


Option: 2


Option: 3

\left ( C_{2}H_{5} \right )_{3} - C- OH


Option: 4


 

    

           

 Valve name                            

             

Function

    I   Aortic valve     A

Prevents blood from going backward from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.

    II   Mitral valve     B

 Prevent blood from flowing backward from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

    III   Pulmonic valve     C

 Prevents backward flow from the aorta into the left ventricle.

    IV   Tricuspid valve     D

 Prevent backward flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.

 

Option: 1

I – A , II – B, III – C, IV – D


Option: 2

 I – B , II – C , III – A , IV – D


Option: 3

 I – C , II – D , III – A , IV – B


Option: 4

 I – D , II – A , III – B , IV – C 

 

 


Column A Column B
A

a) Organisation of cellular contents and further cell growth.  

B

b) Leads to formation of two daughter cells.

C

c) Cell grows physically and increase volume proteins,organells.

D

d)  synthesis and replication of DNA.

Match the correct option as per the process shown in the diagram. 

 

 

 

Option: 1

1-b,2-a,3-d,4-c
 


Option: 2

1-c,2-b,3-a,4-d


Option: 3

1-a,2-d,3-c,4-b

 


Option: 4

1-c,2-d,3-a,4-b


0.014 Kg of N2 gas at 27 0C is kept in a closed vessel. How much heat is required to double the rms speed of the N2 molecules?

Option: 1

3000 cal


Option: 2

2250 cal


Option: 3

2500 cal


Option: 4

3500 cal


0.16 g of dibasic acid required 25 ml of decinormal NaOH solution for complete neutralisation. The modecular weight of the acid will be

Option: 1

32


Option: 2

64


Option: 3

128


Option: 4

256


0.5 F of electricity is passed through 500 mL of copper sulphate solution. The amount of copper (in g) which can be deposited will be:

Option: 1

31.75


Option: 2

15.8


Option: 3

47.4


Option: 4

63.5


0.5 g of an organic substance was kjeldahlised and the ammonia released was neutralised by 100 ml 0.1 M HCl. Percentage of nitrogen in the compound is

Option: 1

14


Option: 2

42


Option: 3

28


Option: 4

72


0xone is

Option: 1

\mathrm{KO}_{2}


Option: 2

\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}


Option: 3

\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}


Option: 4

\mathrm{CaO}


(1) A substance  known as "Smack"

(2) Diacetylmorphine

(3) Possessing a white color

(4) Devoid of any odor

(5) Crystal compound with a bitter taste

(6) Obtained by extracting from the latex of the poppy plant

The above statements/information are correct for:

Option: 1

Morphine


Option: 2

Heroin


Option: 3

Cocaine


Option: 4

Barbiturates


Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

6 Jobs Available
Pathologist

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

5 Jobs Available
Veterinary Doctor

A Veterinary Doctor diagnoses, treats, and prevents diseases in animals. They perform surgeries, advise on nutrition, and guide animal care and breeding. To become one in India, students must complete a Bachelor’s in Veterinary Science (B.V.Sc) after studying Physics, Chemistry, and Biology in Class 12. The role combines medical expertise with compassion for animal welfare.

5 Jobs Available
Speech Therapist

Speech therapists are essential medical professionals addressing speech disorders. Whether it's delayed speech in children or difficulties in pronunciation, these experts play a crucial role. This article explores how to become a speech therapist in India, covering courses, colleges, and the responsibilities of this impactful profession.

4 Jobs Available
Gynaecologist

A gynaecologist is a medical specialist in women’s reproductive health, handling issues like menstruation, fertility, pregnancy, and childbirth. They perform exams, surgeries, and offer family planning services. To become one, students must complete MBBS and postgraduate training. Gynaecologists work in hospitals or clinics and are in high demand, with salaries growing significantly with experience. 

4 Jobs Available
Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

3 Jobs Available
Oncologist

An oncologist is a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats cancer using chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, and other therapies. They work with a team to create treatment plans tailored to each patient. Specialisations include medical, surgical, radiation, pediatric, gynecologic, and hematologic oncology. Becoming an oncologist in India requires an MBBS and postgraduate studies in oncology.

3 Jobs Available
Anatomist

An anatomist studies the structure of living organisms, especially the human body. They conduct research, teach anatomy, assist in biomedical imaging and forensic analysis, and collaborate on medical advancements. Most work in academic or research settings.

2 Jobs Available
Narcotics Officer

A Narcotics Officer investigates drug use, tracks traffickers, and conducts undercover operations to arrest dealers. They collaborate with government agencies at borders and work with NGOs to raise awareness about drug abuse. This vital role helps reduce illegal activities, making communities safer and limiting the spread of drugs. If you’re committed to law enforcement, this career could be your path.

4 Jobs Available
Research Associate

If we talk about a career as a research associate, it all comes down to one thing - curiosity towards nature and the passion to find answers. A career as a research associate is full of thrill and excitement. However, a research associate also faces a lot of challenges and failures while working on a project. A job of a research associate includes a spectrum of Science as a subject in detail. 

2 Jobs Available
Drug Inspector

A Drug Inspector ensures the quality and safety of medicines by inspecting pharmaceuticals throughout the production, distribution, and sale processes. They ensure drugs meet health standards, preventing unsafe or substandard medicines from reaching consumers. Drug Inspectors are responsible for monitoring compliance with regulations, conducting inspections, and ensuring that products meet required safety and efficacy standards.

2 Jobs Available
Biotechnologist

A Biotechnologist is a professional who possesses strong knowledge and techniques that are utilised in creating and developing innovative products that improve the quality of human life standards. A biochemist uses biological organisms to create and improve goods and procedures for agriculture, medicine, and sustainability. He or she researches the genetic, chemical, and physical characteristics of cells, tissues, and organisms to determine how they can be used industrially.

2 Jobs Available
R&D Personnel

A career as R&D Personnel requires researching, planning, and implementing new programs and protocols into their organization and overseeing new products’ development. He or she uses his or her creative abilities to improve the existing products as per the requirements of the target market.

2 Jobs Available
Back to top